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Index

All known locations on the map Historical Locations

Historical locationAbaton▶ show the map ◀

The abaton was the dormitory where, after a series of rites, the sick would receive visions from Asklepios in a dream. The visions were then interpreted by the sanctuary’s priest-physicians.

Historical locationAgamemnon's Tomb▶ show the map ◀

Agamemnon may have been king of Mycenae and commander of United Greek armies in the Trojan War, but he had a less-than-glorious homecoming. While at a banquet, he was killed by his own wife's lover.

Historical locationAggalaki Cave▶ show the map ◀

The largest on Kephallonia, the "Blue Cave" houses a small lake. It is part of a large cave system with more interconnected underground lakes.

Historical locationAgoge Camp North▶ show the map ◀

Sparta’s male education system, the agoge, had a mainly military aim. It was the longest educational system in the Greek world, with males age 7-29. Only heirs of royal families didn't participate.

Historical locationAgora of Athens▶ show the map ◀

The Agora was the civic heart of Athens. It served as the center of all political, commercial, administrative, social, and legal activity.

Historical locationAipeia▶ show the map ◀

Before Epimelides of Thebes renamed the area Korone, it was known as Aipeia until the liberation of Messenia. The area had a sanctuary to Apollo Korythos, who was celebrated for his healing powers.

Historical locationAkriai▶ show the map ◀

The Perioikoi were a group of Spartan “subcitizens” who lived in the rural areas of Lakonia and Messenia. They had local autonomy, but seem to have been subject to a special tax.

Historical locationAkropolis of Argos▶ show the map ◀

The oldest sanctuaries in the city were built on two akropolises and housed the temples of Athena Polias, Zeus Larisaios, Hera Akraia, and Apollo Pythaios, which was connected to the Bloody Oracle.

Historical locationAkropolis of Karthaia▶ show the map ◀

The Akropolis of Karthaia housed sacred buildings, including the temples of Apollo and of Athena. Public laws were recorded inside the temple of Apollo, the divine protector of the island.

Historical locationAkropolis Sanctuary▶ show the map ◀

A symbol of Athens’s grandeur, the Akropolis was built at the city’s peak. After the Persian Wars, Perikles hired famous artists to erect this imposing sanctuary with the Delian League’s wealth.

Historical locationAliki Quarry▶ show the map ◀

The quarries of Aliki supplied the most beautiful marble on the island. The deposit’s proximity to the sea made extraction and exportation easier. The site was mined continuously throughout antiquity.

Historical locationAlponos▶ show the map ◀

Alponos, the first village founded in Lokris, was also famous for serving as the Greek naval base during the Persian Wars.

Historical locationAltar of Aphrodite▶ show the map ◀

The island’s sailors and fishermen prayed to the goddess to watch over them in nearby waters, which were known to be difficult to navigate. The gilt-head bream was sacred to her.

Historical locationAltar of Apollo Maleatas▶ show the map ◀

Apollo Maleatas and Asklepios shared this sacred place on Mount Kynortion. Starting in the eighth century BCE, people worshipped Apollo as both a physician and as Asklepios’s father.

Historical locationAltar of Artemis▶ show the map ◀

The cult of Artemis was widespread over the Kyklades. She was worshipped notably under the name Artemis Hekaerge, meaning “striking from a distance.”

Historical locationAltar of Love▶ show the map ◀

The altar speaks to the rivalry between Eros and Anteros, sitting in front of the entrance to the Academy and near the famous gymnasium.

Historical locationAltar of Melikertes▶ show the map ◀

Melikertes met a sad fate, ultimately ending when his mother threw both of them into the sea. Sisyphos found Melikertes’s body and buried it. He founded a cult and the Isthmian Games in his honor.

Historical locationAltar of Prometheus▶ show the map ◀

A torch relay beginning at the foot of the altar - located near the Academy - was held in honor of Prometheus.

Historical locationAltar of the Dioskouroi▶ show the map ◀

Legend has it that Kastor and Polydeukes were born on Mount Taygetos, near Sparta. The two young heroes and fighters were central to the Spartan warrior ritual at the beginning of campaigns.

Historical locationAltar of the Twelve Gods▶ show the map ◀

This altar dedicated to the twelve gods seems to have also served as a place of refuge and a topographical point of reference. Herodotos used it to give sample distances.

Historical locationAltar of Zeus▶ show the map ◀

This altar was made of sacrificed ashes mixed with Alpheios River water. On the third day of the Games, 100 oxen offered by the Eleians were killed, giving them sovereignty over the shrine.

Historical locationAmphipolis▶ show the map ◀

Erected on Strymon’s east bank, Amphipolis played a strategic and economic role partly because of nearby silver mines. Settled by the Athenians, the city was captured by Sparta’s Brasidas in 424 BCE.

Historical locationAmyklai Farm▶ show the map ◀

According to tradition, Amyklai was the home of Tyndareus and his two illustrious sons, Kastor and Polydeukes. It was known for its abundance of fruit trees.

Historical locationAndania Mine▶ show the map ◀

Located near the future Messene, Andania was home to king Aristomenes, the general who rose up in the second Messinian War against the Spartans. They say his ghost haunted Spartans after his death.

Historical locationAnthion Flowery Well▶ show the map ◀

It was here that Demeter, disguised as an old woman, is said to have met the daughters of Eleusis’s first king, Keleos. She took refuge in his home, teaching him rituals of her famed cult in Eleusis.

Historical locationApollo of Salamina▶ show the map ◀

This bronze statue of Apollo was dedicated to recall the naval victory of the Athenians and the oracle received by Themistokles.

Historical locationArchegesion of Delos▶ show the map ◀

Dedicated to the island’s mythical founder, the archegetes Anios, this sanctuary was where he was honored as a hero.

Historical locationAreopagus▶ show the map ◀

Named for being Ares's rock, this hill sat next to the Akropolis. In mythology, it is where Ares was judged for killing Poseidon’s son. The Areopagus was the court that decided homicide cases.

Historical locationArgo Wreckage▶ show the map ◀

Jason and the Argonauts’ ship, Argo, was built by Argos and Athena. The goddess carved the bow from one of Dodona’s sacred oaks. The ship was dedicated to Poseidon at Korinth after the expedition.

Historical locationArgos▶ show the map ◀

Founded at the foot of two akropolises, Argos has been occupied since prehistoric times. Praised for its heroes, it gained great fame in the fifth century BCE for its talented sculptors.

Historical locationAsine Ruins▶ show the map ◀

Asine was destroyed in the seventh century BCE by the Argives for helping the Spartans in their war against Argos. After its demise, the Spartans gave Asine citizens compensatory land in Messenia.

Historical locationAstypalia City▶ show the map ◀

Astypalaia was the largest city on the island, acting as its political center. It was home to most of the island’s population - its most celebrated citizen being the famous Hippokrates.

Historical locationAthenian Portico▶ show the map ◀

This building was constructed against the polygonal wall that supported the terrace of the temple of Apollo and was used for setting up ex-votos, mostly spoils of war.

Historical locationAthenian Treasury▶ show the map ◀

The Athenians dedicated this treasury to Apollo as the first fruits from the Persians at the Battle of Marathon.

Historical locationAthenian Tumulus▶ show the map ◀

The state erected a burial mound at the heart of the plain for the 192 Athenians who fell during the Battle of Marathon. The tumulus of the Plataians was located three km north.

Historical locationAthens▶ show the map ◀

Athens achieved glory in the fifth century BCE under Perikles, who made it a great military power at the head of an alliance of cities. It was the birthplace of democracy.

Historical locationAthens Mint▶ show the map ◀

The mint is the place where coins are struck into creation. Round metal disks were prepared and then struck between two matrices to make a coin. Athens’s coinage was the most plentiful in Greece.

Historical locationBattle of the Giants and Gods▶ show the map ◀

Here, frightening beings of invincible strength, the Giants, avenged the Titans who were ousted by the Olympians. In result, the Giants were struck by lightning and pierced with flying arrows.

Historical locationBattleground of Plataia▶ show the map ◀

The Battle of Plataia - the last land battle of the Greco-Persian Wars - took place here in 479 BCE. This decisive victory brought Xerxes’s Persian invasion to a permanent end.

Historical locationBoar Fighting Club▶ show the map ◀

Young Spartans performed ritual battles in this island-shaped area. Before combat, they sacrificed a black puppy to god of war Enyalios, and then organized boar fights.

Historical locationBouleuterion of Athens▶ show the map ◀

This building housed a council of 500 members, who were in charge of the city laws.

Historical locationBouleuterion of Delphi▶ show the map ◀

The Bouleuterion was the seat of a small local council which had judicial and financial powers. They met there every six months.

Historical locationBoura▶ show the map ◀

Nestled in the mountains, Boura was either named for Ion's daughter or the centaur Dexamenos, who owned cattle there. A site nearby was used to learn about the future by throwing knucklebones.

Historical locationBridge to Euboea▶ show the map ◀

It is said that construction of the first bridge between Euboea and the continent began across the Euripos Strait during the Peloponnesian War. Theramenes the Athenian tried to stop its construction.

Historical locationBronze Club of Periphetes▶ show the map ◀

This bandit from Epidauros attacked unsuspecting travelers with his bronze club. Luckily for them, Theseus killed him while on his return voyage to Attika.

Historical locationBronze Vessel of Ares▶ show the map ◀

Ares was punished on Naxos for the murder of Adonis, Aphrodite’s beloved. The Aloadai, Poseidon’s sons, imprisoned Ares in a large bronze jar for thirteen long months.

Historical locationBuried Head of Medusa▶ show the map ◀

It was said that Medusa’s head, which was brought back by Perseus, was found in a mound of earth near the Argos agora.

Historical locationBurned Farm▶ show the map ◀

In the early years of the war, the Spartans invaded Attika’s countryside, destroying crops, and burning farms to starve the Athenians and force them to fight on land.

Historical locationBurned Temple of Charites▶ show the map ◀

The temple of the Charites was the oldest in Orchomenos. The three goddesses, often called Graces, were worshipped as deities of the Kephissos River. Eteokles was the first to honor them.

Historical locationBurned Temple of Hera▶ show the map ◀

The Persian general Mardonios burned this temple during the Greco-Persian Wars. Although it was not rebuilt, the Athenians placed a new statue of the goddess on the spot.

Historical locationCave of Ionides▶ show the map ◀

Constructed by mortals, this resembled the cave on Ida where it was said that Zeus spent his youth. It was a grotto where Zeus was honored, located near the Kronion, the hill of Kronos.

Historical locationCave of Iphimedeia▶ show the map ◀

Being in love with Poseidon, Iphimedeia often walked to the sea and collected its waters in her lap. There she became, by Poseidon, the mother of the Aloadai, Otos and Ephialtes.

Historical locationCave of Mt. Zas▶ show the map ◀

Naxos Island is peppered with places that have been pinpointed as important in Zeus's youth. The god of men and gods had been everywhere, including the cave of Mt. Zas on Naxos.

Historical locationCave of Pan▶ show the map ◀

Known for its boulders and stalagmites resembling a herd of goats, this grotto dedicated to Pan is located near Marathon, on the south coast.

Historical locationCave of Tethys▶ show the map ◀

The titan daughter of Uranus and Gaia, Tethys married her brother Okeanos and became the mother of Greece's rivers.

Historical locationCave of the Nymphs▶ show the map ◀

This cave served as a shelter for the Naiads, young nymphs who spun the sea into a glistening purple cloth. Odysseus prayed here in joy upon his return.

Historical locationCemetery Road▶ show the map ◀

Along the road leaving the city were state-funded collective burial mounds for soldiers who died in combat, as well as a number of noteworthy private tombs. Perikles was buried here in 429 BCE.

Historical locationChalkis City▶ show the map ◀

Renowned for its metalworking and bronze weapon manufacturing, Chalkis was likely to fall away from Athens during the Peloponnesian War, and had to sign a treaty swearing loyalty to them.

Historical locationChampion's Gymnasium▶ show the map ◀

The gymnasium was the training venue for Thasian athletes, the most famous of whom was Theagenes. His strength was legendary, and he was victorious in boxing and pankration at every Panhellenic Game.

Historical locationChariot of Amphiaraos▶ show the map ◀

As a leader and seer, Amphiaraos took part in the expedition of the seven against Thebes. According to myth, Zeus threw a thunderbolt, causing the earth to open and swallow him and his chariot.

Historical locationChariot of Hippolytos▶ show the map ◀

Wrongfully accused by his stepmother, Phaidra, Theseus’s son died while driving his chariot by the sea. Desiring his son’s death, Theseus called on Poseidon, who sent a sea monster.

Historical locationCharioteer of Delphi▶ show the map ◀

This statue was dedicated by the Tyrant of Gela to commemorate his victory at the chariot race during the Pythian Games of 478 or 474 BCE.

Historical locationChios▶ show the map ◀

Chios was a major city. Its inhabitants were regarded as the richest Greeks. Besides mastic, Chios exported wine and figs and had one of the biggest fleets.

Historical locationChora of Delphi▶ show the map ◀

Since the city of Delphi operated a Panhellenic sanctuary, the surrounding area enjoyed the special status associated with the oracle's property.

Historical locationCity of Orchomenos▶ show the map ◀

The former capital of the legendary Minyan race formed a district of Boeotia. The city’s protector, Zeus, and Dionysos were honored there, but its most famous sanctuary was to the Charites, also called the Graces.

Historical locationClub of Herakles▶ show the map ◀

It is said that when Herakles put down his wild olive-wood club in Argolis, it took root and began to sprout leaves.

Historical locationCopper Mine▶ show the map ◀

The island was famous for its copper mines. The ore is one of the ingredients in the alloy bronze, which was used to make sculptures, domestic items, small coins, and weapons.

Historical locationCyclopean Head of Medusa▶ show the map ◀

A Medusa’s head allegedly shaped by Cyclopean hands was set up in Argolis. Various monuments in the Peloponnese were attributed to Cyclopes "builders."

Historical locationDaidalos Armory▶ show the map ◀

Daidalos was an architect, sculptor, inventor, and artisan known in antiquity for creating wonders of the Greek world. One of his most legendary contributions was the labyrinth.

Historical locationDaidalos's Statue of Herakles▶ show the map ◀

Located at the border of Messenia and Arkadia, this statue is said to have been created by the famous Daidalos. This eclectic artist was known as a skilled inventor, architect, and sculptor.

Historical locationDeathbed of Ariadne▶ show the map ◀

Ariadne, in love with Theseus, was abandoned by the hero on Naxos after he returned to Athens. She was killed by the wrathful Artemis for defiling a sacred place dedicated to the goddess.

Historical locationDedication of the Knidians▶ show the map ◀

This building was a meeting and dining place that was decorated with paintings commemorating the fall of Troy and the return of the victorious Greek heroes.

Historical locationDekelia▶ show the map ◀

During the Peloponnesian War, Dekelia was used as a Spartan base at Alkibiades’s recommendation. The location allowed the Spartans to be at the crossroads of supply routes.

Historical locationDestroyed House of Oinomaos▶ show the map ◀

This King of Pisa refused to let his daughter marry, as an oracle predicted his son-in-law would kill him. He had suitors go against him in a chariot race, where Pelops beat him with Poseidon’s horses.

Historical locationDiolkos East Ramp▶ show the map ◀

This seven km paved ramp had a track so boats could cross the Isthmus of Korinth without having to go around the Peloponnese. It was used by both military and commercial boats.

Historical locationDiolkos West Ramp▶ show the map ◀

This seven km paved ramp had a track so boats could cross the Isthmus of Korinth without having to go around the Peloponnese. It was used by both military and commercial boats.

Historical locationDrogarati Cave▶ show the map ◀

Prehistoric bones were found inside this cave, which reaches depths of 95 meters.

Historical locationDromos▶ show the map ◀

This racetrack in the Korinthian agora is one of the oldest, built in the sixth century BCE. Its layout seems to confirm knowledge and the use of pi.

Historical locationDromos▶ show the map ◀

The Dromos course was for footraces, but it was also the place where young people were integrated into the city. Young Spartans offered sacrifices at a statue of Herakles when they became adults.

Historical locationEleusis Telesterion▶ show the map ◀

Dedicated to Demeter and Persephone, the Telesterion was where people were inducted into the Eleusinian Mysteries. This secret initiation offered the promise of a better life in the beyond.

Historical locationElis▶ show the map ◀

Elis was created by the merging of villages, forming one of the biggest cities in the Peloponnese. It was especially well known for its sanctuary of Olympia, which gave it prestige and wealth.

Historical locationEntrance to the Underworld▶ show the map ◀

Many entrances to the underworld were known in ancient Greece. This entrance is linked to where Demeter’s daughter was abducted by Hades, who stole her away to the underworld, wanting to marry her.

Historical locationEpidauros▶ show the map ◀

Epidauros was strategically placed between Athens and Argos as an entry point for pilgrims. They would travel from all over Greece to the nearby healing sanctuary of Asklepios.

Historical locationErechtheion▶ show the map ◀

Known for its caryatids, this asymmetrical temple was dedicated to Poseidon, Athena, and two legendary kings, Erechtheus and Kekrops. It was the most significant site of worship at the Akropolis.

Historical locationEresos▶ show the map ◀

Eresos joined the Mytilenean revolt against Athens during the Peloponnesian War. It was also known as the birthplace of the poet Sappho.

Historical locationEretria▶ show the map ◀

This city on the island’s west coast was known as the first target during the Persians’ raid against Greece. Eretria was violently attacked for six days, with many residents taken to Persia.

Historical locationEumaios's Pig Farm▶ show the map ◀

Eumaios was Odysseus's loyal swineherd. He was the first to welcome him back to Troy and assisted him in the slaughter of Penelope's suitors.

Historical locationFarm of Elais▶ show the map ◀

Elais was one of three daughters of Anios, who ruled Delos during the Trojan War. Dionysos gave her the ability to make oil spring from the ground.

Historical locationFarm of Tripodiskos▶ show the map ◀

Tripodiskos was born when an Argive brought a tripod from Delphi. They had orders from the Pythia that wherever it fell, he must live and build a temple to Apollo.

Historical locationFisherman's Beachhead▶ show the map ◀

To tenderize octopus flesh, ancient Greek fishermen faithfully followed Hippokrates’s proverb to give them two sets of seven blows. Octopus was very popular, notably for its aphrodisiac properties.

Historical locationForest of Pholos▶ show the map ◀

Herakles met the centaur Pholos here while hunting the Erymanthian boar. When Pholos opened a jar of wine, other armed centaurs arrived, and Herakles fought them, killing all - including Pholos.

Historical locationForge▶ show the map ◀

The forge was the place where metal was worked to make weapons, swords, shields, and spears. Blacksmiths revered Hephaistos, the blazing god of metallurgy and fire.

Historical locationFort Geraneia▶ show the map ◀

Mt. Geraneia, or "crane hill," was named for the flock of cranes that showed Megaros the way to its peak to escape a flood.

Historical locationFort Tiryns▶ show the map ◀

On a rocky hill in the Argive plains, “mighty-walled" Tiryns was the second most important site in the Mycenaean world. Linked with Herakles, it had a palace, Cyclopean walls, and tunnels.

Historical locationFortified Marble Quarry▶ show the map ◀

Paros’s marble was the most famous in ancient history. With an exquisite white color and a ghostly transparency, it was used throughout the world for the most prestigious sculptures and buildings.

Historical locationFountain of Glauke▶ show the map ◀

This fountain was named after Jason's second wife, who threw herself in after wearing a poisoned cape given to her by Jason's first wife.

Historical locationFountain of Peirene▶ show the map ◀

The fountain of Peirene was in the middle of the city - near the road leading to the port. It was made up of many reservoirs, and, according to tradition, was connected with the spring on the Akrokorinth.

Historical locationGarden of Kynosarges▶ show the map ◀

This place owes its origins to the hero Didymos, who - wanting to make a sacrifice to the god of wine - was stopped by a white (argos) dog (kunos) who stole the animal he intended to sacrifice.

Historical locationGiant Heroes Burial Ground▶ show the map ◀

Poseidon’s two sons, the Aloadai, were buried on the island. The strong, bold giants threatened the gods by piling up mountains to reach Olympos.

Historical locationGorani Marble Quarry▶ show the map ◀

Gorani was the best known marble quarry in Sparta. Very fine-grained, light gray marble was extracted there.

Historical locationGortyn▶ show the map ◀

Gortyn was one of Krete’s most affluent cities. Legends included Europa giving birth to King Minos and the bull who sired the Minotaur. Gortyn’s law code was the oldest of the Occidental world.

Historical locationGortyn Code▶ show the map ◀

Inscribed in the fifth century BCE, this famous piece of legislation regulated Gortyn's civil life. It included the management of family affairs affecting inheritance, divorce, adoption, and widowhood.

Historical locationGrand Temple of Apollo▶ show the map ◀

This was the largest of the three temples dedicated to Apollo. Its construction began when the island became the seat of the Delian League between 475 - 450 BCE.

Historical locationGrave of Laios▶ show the map ◀

When he went to consult the Oracle of Delphi, Laios, the father of Oedipous, was killed by his son without either knowing who the other was.

Historical locationGrave of Sisyphos▶ show the map ◀

Sisyphos was the mythical founder of Korinth and the Isthmian Games. For defying Zeus, he was condemned to push a boulder to the top of a hill for eternity. His tomb is said to be in Korinthia.

Historical locationGrotto of Pan▶ show the map ◀

This Arkadian native was half man, half goat, and protected shepherds and flocks. Since this god was associated with the wild countryside and mountainous settings, several caves were dedicated to him.

Historical locationGymnasium▶ show the map ◀

This was the training ground for athletes, who coated their bodies in olive oil and sprinkled on sand for sun protection and body temperature regulation. After training, it was removed with a strigil.

Historical locationHall of the Forty-Nine Skulls▶ show the map ◀

Danaos’s fifty daughters each received a dagger for their marriages to his brother Aigyptos’s fifty sons. Though Danaos commanded his daughters kill their husbands, one chose to save her spouse.

Historical locationHealing Sanctuary of Amphiaraos▶ show the map ◀

Established as a hero and seer, Amphiaraos had an oracular sanctuary near Oropos. Patients were treated through dreams. After healing, a gold or silver coin was tossed into the sanctuary’s spring.

Historical locationHeraion of Argos▶ show the map ◀

Founded in the ninth century BCE on a hillside, the sanctuary of Hera housed many buildings. The oldest temple dedicated to this goddess, protector of the city, was burned in 423 BCE by Chrysis.

Historical locationHeraion of Samos▶ show the map ◀

The Heraion of Samos and the Heraion of Argos were the largest sanctuaries dedicated to Hera in the Greek world. Samos’s sanctuary was one of the very first temples made of stone.

Historical locationHeraklion▶ show the map ◀

This small town was named after the Greek hero Herakles. It's best known for being the port for the city of Knossos.

Historical locationHerb Fishing Village▶ show the map ◀

Fishing has a crucial role in Greek society. It's a staple in their diet - especially for people of modest means. Greeks mastered line, net, and even harpoon fishing.

Historical locationHermippos's Residence▶ show the map ◀

Also known as Poulytion’s home, this was one of the most beautiful in Athens. It was dedicated to Dionysos after the host was sentenced for performing a parody of the Eleusinian Mysteries.

Historical locationHestiatorion▶ show the map ◀

Banquets were held inside this building on feast days. They increased the population’s feeling of religiosity and strengthened the ties between the public and divine spheres.

Historical locationHippodrome▶ show the map ◀

Horse races were some of the most popular and spectacular events of the Olympic Games, featuring races of chariots pulled by two horses (biga) and four horses (quadriga), as well as mounted races.

Historical locationHippokratic School of Medicine▶ show the map ◀

The Asklepiads - the most famous being Hippokrates - practiced at the medical school of Kos. They were said to be the descendants of Asklepios, passing knowledge down through the generations.

Historical locationHouse of Aphrodite▶ show the map ◀

Brothels were located near the Kerameikos quarter, which was named for its numerous pottery workshops.

Historical locationHuntress Village▶ show the map ◀

Hunting was an integral part of Greek education. Not only did it prepare Greeks for war, but it tested their bravery. Various game was hunted, like lynx, bear, boar, hare, partridge, and grouse.

Historical locationKadmeia▶ show the map ◀

The akropolis of Thebes was called Kadmeia after its legendary founder, Kadmos. He left in search of his sister Europa when she was kidnapped by Zeus, who had taken the form of a bull.

Historical locationKalydonian Boar▶ show the map ◀

While making sacrifices for a bountiful harvest, the king of Kalydon forgot the altars of Artemis. To retaliate, Artemis sent a wild boar to ravage the country.

Historical locationKarystos Dock▶ show the map ◀

Karystos was located at an important meeting point of shipping routes linking the Gulf of Euboea and the Aegean archipelago. It was also known for joining the Persian army in the Persian Wars.

Historical locationKastalian Fountain▶ show the map ◀

Pilgrims, the Pythia, and priests alike were required to perform ablutions here before consulting the oracle.

Historical locationKeadas Cave▶ show the map ◀

Keadas was a chasm that had seen many deaths. People sentenced to die and Sparta's captured enemies were thrown into its depths. Aristomenes was thrown twice, but managed to make a legendary escape.

Historical locationKephisos Spring▶ show the map ◀

Personified as a man with bull horns, the Kephisos River was worshipped as a god. It fed into the plain of Phokis and Boeotia and ended in Lake Kopais.

Historical locationKerkyon Wrestling Ground▶ show the map ◀

It was on the road from Eleusis to Megara that Kerkyon forced travelers to wrestle, killing those he defeated. In consequence, he was violently put to death by Theseus.

Historical locationKleptous Bay▶ show the map ◀

The ancient Greek word "kleptes" lives on as the root word of kleptomania, which describes an impulse to steal - usually without an economic motive.

Historical locationKnossos Palace▶ show the map ◀

This palace - the largest of all palaces - was built in the 17th century BCE and is linked to the legend of King Minos. More than 13,000 square meters, it's made up of several rooms around a central courtyard.

Historical locationKolonos Hippios▶ show the map ◀

This hill was home to an altar shared by Poseidon and Athena, honored as protectors of horses, which were used for transport, war, racing, and hunting.

Historical locationKoressia▶ show the map ◀

Close to Attika on the northwest side of the island, Koressia could be reached from Athens in 24 hours. Its economic history was tied to its silver mines and the miltos used to paint triremes.

Historical locationKorinth▶ show the map ◀

Korinth was a major commercial city that controlled the Isthmus of Korinth through its two ports on the Aegean Sea and the Gulf of Korinth. Its position contributed to its prosperity in trades.

Historical locationKorkyraean Bull▶ show the map ◀

This bull was offered by the people of Korkyra after a miraculous day of tuna fishing.

Historical locationKresilas's Residence▶ show the map ◀

Kresilas was a celebrated Kretan sculptor. He famously crafted a statue of Perikles standing on the Akropolis, called “Olympian Perikles.”

Historical locationKrokeai▶ show the map ◀

The Perioikoi may not have been equal to Spartan citizens, but they too were involved in the military affairs of the Lakedaimonian army, serving as hoplites.

Historical locationKrotoniate Tripod▶ show the map ◀

After their victory over the Sybarites, the Krotoniates dedicated to Apollo a tripod that was also the emblem of the coinage of Kroton, an Achaian colony in southern Italy.

Historical locationKydonia▶ show the map ◀

Kydonia was re-founded in the sixth century BCE by the Samians, yet it is still considered one of the oldest cities in Krete. Its name is said to have derived from the quinces grown there.

Historical locationKyllene▶ show the map ◀

Located on the coast, Kyllene was a base for the Eleian fleet. Aphrodite and Asklepios were worshipped there with statues made of ivory. The cult of Hermes was particularly popular.

Historical locationKynthos Ruins▶ show the map ◀

Settlements dating back to the third millennium were erected on Mount Kynthos and then abandoned. It was also famous for being the place where Leto gave birth to Artemis and Apollo.

Historical locationKythera Town▶ show the map ◀

Renowned for its purple dye and strategic position on the Aegean Sea, Kythera was coveted by many cities during the Peloponnesian War. Taking it was one of the Athenian army’s challenges.

Historical locationLake Abythos▶ show the map ◀

Located near the city of Pronnoi, Kephallonia's only lake is so deep that it was long believed to have no bottom.

Historical locationLalaia▶ show the map ◀

The city was named for the nymph Lalaia, daughter of the river god Kephisos. It was built near the springs the nymph was believed to protect.

Historical locationLato▶ show the map ◀

The city of Lato was built on a double akropolis with homes built on the slopes. Its protector was Eileithyia, the goddess of childbirth often associated with Hera and Artemis.

Historical locationLearna Swamp▶ show the map ◀

Despite the lake's calm look, it was known for draining its swimmers out the bottom. Just southwest from here, Herakles killed the Hydra, cauterizing its necks to prevent its heads from growing back.

Historical locationLebadeia▶ show the map ◀

Lebadeia was mainly known for the Oracle of Trophonios, which was consulted by people everywhere. Neraby was also a sanctuary of Zeus Basileos, the city’s protective deity.

Historical locationLeonidaion▶ show the map ◀

The Leonidaion was a guesthouse with a number of rooms on all sides for important visitors to the sanctuary. Its name is derived from the name of its architect, Leonidas of Naxos.

Historical locationLesche of the Knidians▶ show the map ◀

The Liparians dedicated a group of Apollo statues to commemorate a naval victory over the Etruscans. Twenty statues for the twenty ships seized by the enemy.

Historical locationLighthouse of the Father of Ajax▶ show the map ◀

Ajax's father went with Jason on the quest for the golden fleece and the Kalydonian boar, and then to Salamis after killing his own brother. He watched the boat taking his sons to Troy from the port.

Historical locationLightning Zeus▶ show the map ◀

The Lightning Zeus is depicted as such to mirror the geophysical phenomena of Mount Ainos, known for its spectacular thunderstorms.

Historical locationLimnai▶ show the map ◀

Limnai was one of the original villages that formed Sparta. The temple of Artemis Orthia was nearby, whose worship was associated with the long process for future Spartan citizens.

Historical locationLion of Leonidas▶ show the map ◀

In the fifth century BCE, a stone lion was placed on the hill of Thermopylai to commemorate Leonidas. It was near the five stelai and mass grave for those who fell in the defense of Thermopylai.

Historical locationLost Garden of Bacchylides▶ show the map ◀

Bacchylides, a great poet of the fifth century BCE, was born on the island. His poems celebrated the gods, Athenian democracy, and Olympic winners such as the tyrant of Syrakousai.

Historical locationLost Shrine of Poseidon▶ show the map ◀

Legend has it that an oracle directed the residents of Lesbos to make a sacrifice to Poseidon and his wife, Amphitrite, by throwing a bull and a maiden from a rocky headland into the sea.

Historical locationLykeion Garden▶ show the map ◀

This place tells the story of Lykos, a priest and mythical seer who instituted the cult of Apollo Lykeios. The priest of this cult had a reserved place at the theater of Dionysos.

Historical locationMadness Cave▶ show the map ◀

It was in this cave in the Aroanian mountains that the daughters of Proitos, king of the Tiryns, took refuge after Dionysos drove them mad.

Historical locationMarathon▶ show the map ◀

Marathon owes its name to the fennel thriving in its swamps. It was known for the great battle between 10,000 Greeks and 500,000 Persians in 490 BCE. 6,400 Persians died versus only 192 Athenians.

Historical locationMarble Trophy▶ show the map ◀

After the battle of Marathon, the Athenians and their allies erected a marble trophy to mark their victory and the 6,400 Persians killed.

Historical locationMarble Workshop▶ show the map ◀

One of the 170 trades in Athens was marble work. Having become a major hub for marble sculpture, Athens attracted artists from across the Greek world. Their protector was Athena Ergane.

Historical locationMastic Farm▶ show the map ◀

Chios was the primary source of mastic, a fragrant resin extracted from the mastic tree and used as a varnish and a flavoring. Some wines were mastic-flavored, too.

Historical locationMegara▶ show the map ◀

Megara occupied a territory that held great military and commercial significance in mainland Greece.

Historical locationMelanthios's Goat Farm▶ show the map ◀

Melanthios, Odysseus's goatherd, mistook him for a beggar upon his return and hit him. Sure his master had died in Troy, he betrayed him to impress Penelope's suitors.

Historical locationMelissani Cave▶ show the map ◀

The Melissani Cave is dedicated to the god Pan. Located 20 m below ground, it is 160 m long and 40 m deep. It contains stalactites that are over 20,000 years old.

Historical locationMelos▶ show the map ◀

Founded by Spartan settlers on a volcanic island, Melos's main city goes by the same name. It was known for its resources such as sulfur and obsidian, which were exported across the Mediterranean.

Historical locationMemorial of the Amazons▶ show the map ◀

The tomb of the Amazon Antiope was located near the temple of Zeus Olympian. Theseus mortally wounded her during the Amazonian invasion of Attika.

Historical locationMenelaion▶ show the map ◀

This sanctuary sat on a rocky cliff overlooking the city and fertile plains. It was dedicated to the Spartan king Menelaus and his wife, Helen, over whom the Trojan War was fought for ten years.

Historical locationMesoa▶ show the map ◀

Mesoa was one of the four villages that united in the eighth century BCE to form the Spartan city-state under the authority of two families of kings: the Eurypontids and the Agiads.

Historical locationMilitary Fort of Gla▶ show the map ◀

Gla was already fortified in the Mycenaean period. A Cyclopean wall surrounded the city on an island in Lake Kopais. A drainage system emptied and filled the lake to irrigate the plain.

Historical locationMonument of Epigones▶ show the map ◀

After their victory over the Spartans, this monument was erected by the Argives and represents the seven leaders of the legendary expedition against Thebes.

Historical locationMonument of Hippolytos▶ show the map ◀

This cenotaph was erected in honor of Theseus’s son, with whom Phaidra, his father’s wife, fell in love. When he rebuffed her, Phaidra accused him of violence, bringing about his death.

Historical locationMonument of Melissa▶ show the map ◀

The tomb of the Korinthian tyrant Periander’s wife was located near Epidauros. Her husband killed her after a fit of jealousy.

Historical locationMonument of Militiades▶ show the map ◀

This monument was dedicated in 465 BCE to commemorate the battle of Marathon, which took place 30 years prior.

Historical locationMonument of the Eponymous Heroes▶ show the map ◀

Official documents, including the list of military contingents, were posted on this monument dedicated to the eponymous heroes of Athens.

Historical locationMt. Pentelikos Marble Quarry▶ show the map ◀

To reduce transport weight, the quarry provided a leveled product that was finished on-site. Blocks were then taken by land and boat for export.

Historical locationMt. Pentelikos Village▶ show the map ◀

East of Athens, Mt. Pentelikos was the source of the marble used in architectural construction of Perikles’s grand project on the Akropolis.

Historical locationMurex Dyeing Facility▶ show the map ◀

The purple dye for clothing came from shellfish. Captured alive, they exhaled their colored juices at death. Millions of snails were needed to get a small amount of the special substance.

Historical locationMycenae▶ show the map ◀

Home of King Agamemnon, Mycenae was one of the oldest cities in Greece. Dating from the third millennium BCE, it's said its walls were the work of Cyclopes. It was abandoned in the fifth century BCE.

Historical locationMykonos City▶ show the map ◀

According to mythology, Mykonos was created from the petrified bodies of giants killed by Herakles. The city was famous for its blue granite and abundant wells.

Historical locationMyrina▶ show the map ◀

Myrina was best known for its cults of Artemis, Athena Selene, and the Mother Goddess. One of its important goods was Lemnian soil, which was said to heal wounds and snake bites.

Historical locationMytilene▶ show the map ◀

Mytilene was under Persian domination, but became a loyal ally of Athens after the Greco-Persian Wars. However, faced with the increase in tribute to Athens, it decided to revolt in 428 BCE.

Historical locationNauplia▶ show the map ◀

Nauplia, meaning “naval station,” is the port of Argolis. The Spartans arrived by boat for the Battle of Sepeia after sacrifices yielded unfavorable omens advising them not to cross the Eranos River.

Historical locationNaxian Sphinx▶ show the map ◀

Naxos, a rich island in the Kyklades renowned for its artistic tradition, consecrated this votive in remembrance of its privilege to consult with the Pythia before others.

Historical locationNaxos▶ show the map ◀

As the largest of the Kyklades, Naxos was known for its marble and emery. It was also the birthplace of Dionysos, and where Ariadne was abandoned by her beloved Theseus.

Historical locationNemean Lion▶ show the map ◀

The hide of this invincible creature could not be burned or pierced by any weapon. Herakles used his cunning to trap it in its den, then strangled it with his own hands. He wore the hide himself.

Historical locationOdeon of Perikles▶ show the map ◀

The Odeon showed musical performances and was modeled after the Persian king Xerxes’s tent, which was brought back as plunder. It was the largest building in Athens and the first theater to receive a roof.

Historical locationOdysseus's Palace▶ show the map ◀

Odysseus, the most illustrious of all Greek heroes, was among the chiefs who set out for Troy. He returned to Ithaka and reclaimed his palace twenty years later.

Historical locationOil Workshop▶ show the map ◀

A flagship product of ancient Greece, oil was used in food, personal care, perfumery, and lighting. Physicians also attributed therapeutic properties to it.

Historical locationOlive Farm▶ show the map ◀

Olive trees were grown both for their fruit - a staple in Greek diets - and their oil, used for medicine and perfumery. They were picked from the ground after shaking or beating the trees with poles.

Historical locationOlive Tree of Herakles▶ show the map ◀

Herakles’s club was made of wood from a wild olive tree near the Saronida sea.

Historical locationOlympic Gymnasium▶ show the map ◀

This complex was made up of a central courtyard surrounded by rooms for changing, washing, and exercising. It had punching balls for boxers, and wrestling and pankration were practiced there.

Historical locationOlympic Pool▶ show the map ◀

This rectangular pool was equipped with a water supply and drainage system.The Greek baths were adjacent.

Historical locationOlympic Shipwreck▶ show the map ◀

The Olympic Games drew many travelers, many of whom came by sea. Shipwrecks were frequent and a valid excuse for athletes’ late arrivals.

Historical locationOlympic Tree▶ show the map ◀

The wild olive tree from which Olympic winners’ crowns were made was called the olive tree of the “beautiful crown.” Branches were cut with a golden sickle.

Historical locationOpous▶ show the map ◀

Opous was Lokris’s main city and the hometown of the hero Patroklos. It was famed for aiding Leonidas during the Persian wars and for its pirates harassing fifth-century BCE Athenian traders.

Historical locationOreos Quarry▶ show the map ◀

Open-pit mines made ore extraction - done with wedges, pickaxes, and mallets - easier. Once a slab was freed, it could be moved with cranes, pulleys, levers, and rails.

Historical locationOrigins of the Karyatids▶ show the map ◀

The woman-shaped columns were inspired by either the punished women of Karyes who joined the Persians in war, or the young women of Karyes, who danced for Artemis Karyatis.

Historical locationPagai▶ show the map ◀

Pagai held strategic importance during the Persian War, and played a pivotal role during the Peloponnesian War.

Historical locationPalace of Hippomedon▶ show the map ◀

Known for his gigantic size, Hippomedon's claim to fame was participating in the expedition of the seven against Thebes. The ruins of the palace he lived in are still visible.

Historical locationPalm Tree of Eurymedon▶ show the map ◀

This bronze palm was erected by the Athenians following their victory over the Persians at the Battle of Eurymedon. The victory put an end to the threat of another Persian invasion of Greece.

Historical locationPanathenaia▶ show the map ◀

The boat that was used during Panathenaic processions was kept near the Areopagus. Equipped with wheels for the occasion, it was pulled like a parade float.

Historical locationPanormos▶ show the map ◀

Panormos was renowned for its harbor, an excellent site to drop anchor.

Historical locationParnes Hunting Grounds▶ show the map ◀

This wooded mountain range separating Attika and Boeotia was famed for wild boar and bear hunting.

Historical locationParos Harbor▶ show the map ◀

Thanks to its marble quarries, Paros was considered the richest of the Kyklades, and therefore paid the highest tribute the Delian League. It was often in rivalry with the neighboring city of Naxos.

Historical locationParthenon▶ show the map ◀

Built to the glory of Athens’s protector, the Parthenon housed the gold and ivory statue of Athena made by Phidias. Made of Pentelic marble, the structure held the city’s and Delian League’s riches.

Historical locationPatrai▶ show the map ◀

As the most prominent city in the region, Patrai was used as a naval base during the Peloponnesian War. It was also known for having twice as many women as men in its population.

Historical locationPavlopetri▶ show the map ◀

This underwater city, whose first traces of dwellings date back to 5000 BCE, was home to monuments and tombs. It is said to have been engulfed after a series of devastating earthquakes.

Historical locationPellene▶ show the map ◀

Pellene has the distinction of being the first city in Achaia to join Sparta in the Peloponnesian War in 431 BCE.

Historical locationPelopeion▶ show the map ◀

It was dedicated to Pelops, which inspired the name “Peloponnese.” His cult developed into the founding myth of the Olympic Games, and a black ram was sacrificed in his honor every year.

Historical locationPersian Cliff▶ show the map ◀

This Persian cliff was named after the nephew of Darius. He attempted to kill the Megarians by night, but ended up shooting arrows into the cliff face instead.

Historical locationPersian Trireme▶ show the map ◀

The Persians fought a losing battle at Salamis. The resulting shipwrecks littered the Greek coasts, souvenirs of their defeat.

Historical locationPersian Trophies▶ show the map ◀

A stoa was raised on the agora using Persian spoils after the Greco-Persian Wars. Columns nearby featured defeated Persians such as Darius’s general, Mardonios.

Historical locationPhaistos Theater▶ show the map ◀

A rectangular court sits in the heart of this palace perched on a hill surrounded by a plain of olive trees. It was used for religious ceremonies, political assemblies, and shows involving bulls.

Historical locationPhaistos Village▶ show the map ◀

Gortyn coveted Phaistos's territory from its founding. Phaistos was renowned for having the second largest palace, in which the clay disk was found.

Historical locationPhaleron Sunken Harbor▶ show the map ◀

Before Piraeus, the Phaleron port was used during the Greco-Persian Wars, but it was mainly known as the place where Athenian boats set out for the Trojan War.

Historical locationPheidon's Tomb▶ show the map ◀

Argos’s King Pheidon was known for his arrogance. He allegedly took the organization of the Olympic Games from Elis, and he was wrongfully credited in helping invent weights and measures.

Historical locationPhidias's Workshop▶ show the map ◀

Phidias was the greatest Greek sculptor. He created many masterpieces, including the Olympic sanctuary’s gold and ivory statue of Zeus, which was considered one of the seven wonders of the ancient world.

Historical locationPhigaleia Fishing Port▶ show the map ◀

Phigaleia was the home of the famed pankratiast Arrachion, who won posthumously when his opponent suffocated him illegally during a bout. His corpse was named the winner at the 564 BCE Olympic Games.

Historical locationPhorkys Anchorage▶ show the map ◀

Named for the ancient sea god Phorkys, this bay was the first sight Odysseus saw upon his return. It provides a natural shelter for sailors from rough waters.

Historical locationPilgrimage Site▶ show the map ◀

The oldest sanctuary of Aphrodite drew just as many sailors while in port as it did pilgrims coming for celebrations honoring the goddess.

Historical locationPillar of Dionysos▶ show the map ◀

This statue of the god of wine and fertility is located close to Megara. Only its face is visible - the rest of the body is hidden by foliage.

Historical locationPitana▶ show the map ◀

Like Mesoa, Pitana was one of the four original villages that formed Sparta. The Agiads, one of Sparta’s royal families, originated there.

Historical locationPnyx▶ show the map ◀

Situated on a hill, this was where Athenians gathered for assemblies. Decrees were ratified, budgets voted on, and administration members appointed. It was where citizens could have a voice.

Historical locationPoiessa Village▶ show the map ◀

Located on the west coast of the island and bordering a fertile valley, Poiessa was an important farming area. Its spot was advantageous for coastal defense and monitoring maritime traffic to Athens.

Historical locationPolykleitos's Workshop▶ show the map ◀

Polykleitos preferred to work with bronze and the lost-wax casting technique as a sculptor. His known work, titled Kanon, described the perfect system of proportions for each part of the body.

Historical locationPorneion▶ show the map ◀

Prostitution establishments, called porneions, were generally found in commercial areas - near ports, or agoras. The women who made this their trade could be either slaves or free women.

Historical locationPort of Kechries▶ show the map ◀

This port was ideally situated at the crossroads of eastern land and sea-trade routes. Aphrodite and Poseidon - whose bronze statues bordered the sea - were venerated there.

Historical locationPort of Kreusis▶ show the map ◀

Kreusis was a fortified port dependent on Thespiai, but also used by Thebes. Protected from violent winds by a mole, it was the main Boeotian naval port on the Gulf of Korinth.

Historical locationPort of Lechaion▶ show the map ◀

The port of Lechaion was artificially made in the time of Periander on the Gulf of Korinth. The city was connected to the port by long walls and to the port of Kechries by the Diolkos trackway.

Historical locationPort of Piraeus▶ show the map ◀

The port was a socially and economically separate world split into three areas: military ports, commercial ports, and a residential area. It played a critical role in Athens’s impact as a naval power.

Historical locationPotidaia▶ show the map ◀

Founded by the Korinthians to make trade easier in Macedonia, Potidaia was central to an event leading to the Peloponnesian War. It sought Sparta and Korinth’s help to end Athens’s excessive demands.

Historical locationPropylea▶ show the map ◀

This gateway marked the entrance of the Akropolis sanctuary. Constructed of Pentelic marble, it had a central building with five gates and was the end of the Sacred Way. Two wings housed paintings.

Historical locationPrototype Trireme of Ameinokles▶ show the map ◀

Ameinokles, the Korinthian shipbuilder, was the first Greek to build a trireme. This light, agile model with a rostrum for ramming became the main combat vessel of the fifth century BCE.

Historical locationPrytaneion▶ show the map ◀

The goal of this court was to judge objects that had committed murder. The attempt of these legal actions removed the stains of blood spilled in the crime.

Historical locationPrytaneion▶ show the map ◀

The Prytaneion contained an altar in honor of Hestia, and was where the Olympic flame burned. Priests and game officials resided there, and it was also used for Olympic victory ceremonies.

Historical locationRacecourse of Atalanta▶ show the map ◀

Atalanta would marry only if her suitor could beat her in a footrace. One suitor, Hippomenes, cunningly put golden apples in her path. Curious, she stopped to gather them and was forced to marry him.

Historical locationRaven's Rock▶ show the map ◀

Odysseus planned the murder of his wife's suitors here upon his return.

Historical locationRed Lake▶ show the map ◀

Aptly named “white gold,” sea salt was vital for adding flavor to food, but also for conserving, dyeing, and perfumery. The harvesting and trading of sea salt was a strictly systematized business.

Historical locationRhenea▶ show the map ◀

This island served as the necropolis for Delos because, in 426 BCE, births and deaths were forbidden on the island of Apollo.

Historical locationRuined Temple of Apollo▶ show the map ◀

Apollo was one of the foremost gods in Megara, but this temple didn't necessarily reflect his importance. It was made of weak clay bricks, which eventually crumbled.

Historical locationRuined Temple of Athena Poliouchos▶ show the map ◀

The city’s protector had a temple on the akropolis. Mazares, a Persian general who defected to Cyrus the Great, took refuge here. Many Chians would not dare to make sacrifices there after his capture.

Historical locationSacred Lake▶ show the map ◀

This round body of water is one of the main features of Delos’s landscape. In antiquity, those who fished in it risked punishment.

Historical locationSalamis▶ show the map ◀

Looking at the Salamis strait will always evoke the Greeks' victory over the Persians. Forced to fight in this narrow strait, the Persians couldn't make full use of their naval strength, and perished.

Historical locationSami▶ show the map ◀

Sami is the oldest city on Kephallonia, an island reputed for the wood of its abies cephalonica fir trees.

Historical locationSanctuary of Apollo▶ show the map ◀

Headquarters to the Delian League, the sanctuary held the League’s treasury in the Temple of Apollo until its transfer to Athens. It was a prestigious site for pilgrimages, festivals, and games.

Historical locationSanctuary of Asklepios▶ show the map ◀

This place was famous in Greece for attracting sick pilgrims. After the sick performed various rituals - fast, bath, and sacrifice - Asklepios would come to them in a dream and bring healing.

Historical locationSanctuary of Athena▶ show the map ◀

The Sanctuary of Athena was built on the Akropolis. Inside were three temples dedicated to worshipping her.

Historical locationSanctuary of Delphi▶ show the map ◀

The Panhellenic Sanctuary of Delphi was renowned for the Oracle of Apollo, and considered the center of the world in ancient Greece.

Historical locationSanctuary of Eleusis▶ show the map ◀

Located on a rich plain, the sanctuary of Demeter and Persephone was the site of important religious festivities. The large size of the Telesterion attests to the popularity of the initiatory cult.

Historical locationSanctuary of Mt. Zas▶ show the map ◀

The sanctuary of Zeus was located on the island’s highest point. It was built where Zeus hid from his father, Kronos, until he was old enough to fight the Titans.

Historical locationSanctuary of Olympia▶ show the map ◀

Constructed in the heart of Elide was this important sanctuary. Olympic games were celebrated every four years to honor Zeus and Hera, and brought eternal glory to the winners.

Historical locationSanctuary of Pan▶ show the map ◀

The modest sanctuary of the god Pan is held within a cave cut into the rock on the akropolis. He was honored by shepherds as the protector of flocks but also by soldiers as the god of panic.

Historical locationSanctuary of Sounion▶ show the map ◀

On the edge of Attika, this sanctuary housed a temple of Poseidon. Sitting above the Aegean Sea, it enabled sailors to pray to Poseidon for safe passage on the seas.

Historical locationSanctuary of the Muses▶ show the map ◀

The Sanctuary of the Muses was on the northeastern slopes of Mount Helikon. According to myth, the muses were the daughters of Zeus and Mnemosyne and may have inspired Hesiod’s Theogony.

Historical locationSappho School▶ show the map ◀

Surnamed the tenth muse, Sappho taught young girls the art of lyric poetry in Lesbos. Her poetry spoke of love and torment, marriage, and female beauty.

Historical locationSea Captain Dock▶ show the map ◀

The port of Kenchries also had a sanctuary of Aphrodite. She was honored there as a goddess of navigation and the sea - not as the goddess of love as on the Akrokorinth.

Historical locationShipwreck of Ajax▶ show the map ◀

According to a late tradition, the Lokrian Ajax, the ancient hero of Troy, was buried in Mykonos.

Historical locationShipwreck of Dionysos and the Pirate▶ show the map ◀

Taking revenge on pirates who kidnapped him for money, Dionysos immobilized their ship in ivy vines. Driven mad, the pirates dove into the water and were turned into dolphins.

Historical locationShipwreck of Nestor▶ show the map ◀

King of Pylos and ruler of Messenia, Nestor traveled Greece with Menelaus to form an army, leading an expedition against the city of Troy. He was the oldest and wisest hero in the Trojan War.

Historical locationShrine of Aphrodite▶ show the map ◀

Aphrodite had an important role in Keos - especially for magistrates who made offerings and dedications to her. It was thought she would watch over all civic matters and protect their positions.

Historical locationShrine of Aphrodite▶ show the map ◀

When Aphrodite emerged from the sea, Kythera was the first city to welcome her. Fleeing Troy, her son Aineias dedicated a shrine to her there. It is deemed the oldest in the Greek world.

Historical locationSikyonian Treasury▶ show the map ◀

This treasury celebrates the victories of the tyrant of Sikyon, Kleisthenes, during the First Sacred War. The monument was decorated with mythological legends, like the Argonauts’ expedition.

Historical locationSilver Mines▶ show the map ◀

The akropolis mine supplied silver lead. Used to produce pure silver, one of the elements used to mint coins, it contributed greatly to the city’s wealth.

Historical locationSinis Torture Grounds▶ show the map ◀

This ruthless bandit was in the habit of bending trees to tie people to them. When the trees were released, they pulled the unfortunate victims apart. Theseus killed him as punishment.

Historical locationSite of Iphigenia's Sacrifice▶ show the map ◀

To appease Artemis who had immobilized his fleet, Agamemnon thought to sacrifice his daughter Iphigenia. At the last minute, a goddess took pity, substituted a doe, and made Iphigenia a priestess.

Historical locationSkandeia Harbor▶ show the map ◀

This port on the island’s east coast was in the only easily accessible bay. It had a strategic role in controlling maritime trade with states in the southern Aegean, especially with Egypt and Libya.

Historical locationSkyros▶ show the map ◀

The city of Skyros, which shares the island’s name, was famed for its goats and marble quarries. It had a fortified akropolis, a port, and sanctuaries dedicated to Achilles and Athena.

Historical locationSlave Market▶ show the map ◀

When bought by cities, slaves were used for public services. When bought by private citizens, they did domestic tasks, built buildings, worked in mines and workshops, on farms, or as bankers.

Historical locationSmuggler's Shipwreck▶ show the map ◀

The hollow cast-bronze statue of Zeus or Poseidon - known as the Artemision Bronze - was found off this cape.

Historical locationSnake Temple▶ show the map ◀

Apollo used arrows to kill the monstrous serpent Pytho, who originally guarded the oracle. For Greeks, the victory represented the triumph of order over chaos.

Historical locationSparta▶ show the map ◀

With one of the largest territories, Sparta had a great land-based military power, governing all Lakedaimonians. They were divided into Spartan citizens, free residents, slaves, and mothax.

Historical locationSpecter on the Rock▶ show the map ◀

Akteon, who was devoured by his dogs after seeing Artemis bathing naked, haunted this rock. An oracle ordered the hero’s remains be buried and a statue be erected where annual sacrifices were made.

Historical locationSpring of Peirene▶ show the map ◀

Legend has it that Bellerophon, son of Korinth’s King Glaukos, captured the winged horse, Pegasos, when he came to drink at the spring of Peirene on the Akrokorinth.

Historical locationSpring of Piera▶ show the map ◀

The sixteen women tasked with organizing the Heraia - games for women - each came from an Eleian city. They sacrificed a pig and purified themselves in the spring of Piera before the ceremonies.

Historical locationSpring of Rheitoi▶ show the map ◀

The saltwater streams in the fertile plain of Thria between Eleusis and Athens were called Rheitoi. The Spartan king Archidamos also routed the Athenian cavalry here.

Historical locationStadium▶ show the map ◀

Various types of races and contests took place in the stadium. Embankments contained spectators on the 192 m track. This length became a unit of measure the Greeks called the "stadion."

Historical locationStatue of Apollo▶ show the map ◀

Named the Colossus of the Naxians, this statue representing Apollo was erected in front of the largest temple dedicated to him.

Historical locationStatue of Artemis Agrotera▶ show the map ◀

In the guise of a young girl and hunter, Artemis guided the various life stages just as she helped in combat. Before battle, Greeks offered a sacrifice to her under the name Agrotera (huntress).

Historical locationStatue of Artemis Tauropolos▶ show the map ◀

The most famous statue of Artemis near this altar was brought back from Tauris by Iphigenia. Some say that it was stolen by the Persians, while others say that it was in Sparta or dedicated in Attika.

Historical locationStatue of Demeter and Kore▶ show the map ◀

The statues of Demeter, goddess of the fruitful earth, and her daughter, Kore, stood near the sacred gate. They kept watch over the road connecting Athens and the Sanctuary of Eleusis.

Historical locationStatue of Dionysos▶ show the map ◀

The statue was made from the tree where Pentheus, who opposed the god’s cult, spied on both his mother and the Maenads in full Dionysian frenzy. He was pulled from the tree and torn limb from limb.

Historical locationStatue of Fury Demeter▶ show the map ◀

Furious at Poseidon’s advances, Demeter turned into a mare to elude the sea god. It was in vain, however, because Poseidon also turned into a horse. Their union produced the legendary horse Areion.

Historical locationStatue of Herakles▶ show the map ◀

There was a statue of Herakles at the edge of the road from Elis to Olympia, called the Sacred Way. The statue was dedicated by a citizen of Taranto, a Spartan colony in southern Italy.

Historical locationStatue of Kronos▶ show the map ◀

Kronos, king of the Titans and Zeus’s father, was honored in Elis. On the summit of the hill called the Kronion, priests called Basilai offered sacrifices to Kronos at the spring equinox.

Historical locationStatue of Nemesis▶ show the map ◀

The statue personified divine retribution and punished excess. Sculpted by Phidias from the block of marble brought by the Persians, they intended to use it as a trophy pedestal after taking Athens.

Historical locationStatue of Theseus▶ show the map ◀

When Theseus returned to Athens, other factions had seized power. He decided to leave the city and return to Skyros, but he was betrayed by King Lykomedes, who tossed him off a cliff.

Historical locationStatue of Zeus at Mt. Hymettos▶ show the map ◀

Located southeast of Athens, Mount Hymettos was 1,026 m high and known for its marble, its honey - the only source of sugar in ancient Greece - and its altar to Zeus Ombrios, bringer of rain.

Historical locationStele of Leitos▶ show the map ◀

Leitos was a Theban detachment polemarch during the Trojan War. He was the only Theban leader to return home after the war, but was injured by the Trojan hero Hektor.

Historical locationStele of Themistokles▶ show the map ◀

In the face of invading Persians, this Athenian decree saw the evacuation of old men, furniture, goods, women, and children. Then, they boarded two hundred triremes with all able Athenians to fight.

Historical locationStone Pyramid▶ show the map ◀

This small stone pyramid was built at the city limit in tribute to Apollo Karinos.

Historical locationStymphalos▶ show the map ◀

Legendary man-eating birds lived near Stymphalos. As they increased in number, they became a menace, devastating crops and hurling their steel feathers. Herakles was the one to defeat them.

Historical locationSuenites Quarry▶ show the map ◀

Most of the island was composed of granite - a material like marble - that was used in architectural construction and sculpture in antiquity.

Historical locationSummit of Mount Ida▶ show the map ◀

This mountain - the central point of the island - saw the birth of Zeus. He was raised by a goat named Amalthea and fed on honey from Mount Ida bees. When Amalthea died, he used her skin as an aegis.

Historical locationSunken Wreck of Datis▶ show the map ◀

Datis was a Persian general who served the Persian empire under Darius I. On his return from the Battle of Marathon in 490 BCE, he stopped at Mykonos and Delos.

Historical locationSybil Rock▶ show the map ◀

According to the Delphians, this rock was where a woman bearing the nickname Sibyl settled to sing her prophesies. It was said her inspiration came from within.

Historical locationTainaros▶ show the map ◀

Tainaros was on the Peloponnese’s middle peninsula. It had red and black marble quarries and was also presumed to be a gateway to the underworld. It was guarded by Cerberus and was used by Herakles.

Historical locationTavern▶ show the map ◀

In Athens, there were numerous taverns, whose managers were often mocked in the plays of Aristophanes. The wine served in taverns could be red, white, or rosé, and up to 16% proof.

Historical locationTavern▶ show the map ◀

Taverns sold wine and vinegar. Divided in three different types - dry, sweet, and sweet mix, wine could also be flavored with honey, resin, spices, herbs, and even sea water.

Historical locationTegea▶ show the map ◀

Tegea was one of the oldest and most powerful cities in Arkadia. Its first king was famous for killing one of Herakles’s sons.

Historical locationTemenos of Ino▶ show the map ◀

Megarians believe the corpse of Ino washed up on the coast after she threw herself into the sea with her dead son. There is a sacrifice each year in her honor.

Historical locationTemenos of Zeus Ainesios▶ show the map ◀

Here, atop the island's tallest mountain, two of Jason's argonauts prayed to the Zeus of Ainos to give them the strength to defeat winged monsters called Harpies.

Historical locationTemple of Achilles▶ show the map ◀

In Greek mythology, Achilles was hidden in childhood on Skyros and disguised as one of King Lykomedes’s daughters. It was an attempt to elude the fatal destiny he met during the Trojan War.

Historical locationTemple of Aphrodite▶ show the map ◀

One of the most famous temples to the goddess of love towered over the city on the Akrokorinth. Numerous courtesans engaged in their trade inside, contributing greatly to the sanctuary’s prosperity.

Historical locationTemple of Apollo▶ show the map ◀

Perched on a cliff, the temple was built by Iktinos, the Parthenon’s architect. The offerings of weapons suggest that the god played a role in the clashes between the Arkadians and the Spartans.

Historical locationTemple of Artemis▶ show the map ◀

Apollo’s twin sister enjoyed hunting and was always armed with a bow she used against deer and men. Her arrows were said to bring about sudden death.

Historical locationTemple of Artemis Amarysia▶ show the map ◀

This temple dedicated to the goddess was as large as Apollo’s sanctuary on the island. Competitions, musical contests, sacrifices, and war dances were held there to honor Artemis.

Historical locationTemple of Artemis Orthia▶ show the map ◀

The temple of Artemis Orthia near the Eurotas River was one of Sparta’s most important religious sites. It was associated with the education of young Spartans, and conducted their initiations.

Historical locationTemple of Asklepios▶ show the map ◀

This was the sanctuary of the healing god, whose cult was introduced to Athens in the fifth century BCE. Its construction was funded by a wealthy Athenian named Telemachos.

Historical locationTemple of Athena Chalkioikos▶ show the map ◀

The temple of Athena on the akropolis was one of Sparta’s most important monuments. The bronze sheets that decorated its interior gave birth to the name Chalkioikos.

Historical locationTemple of Athena Poliouchos▶ show the map ◀

This sanctuary on the Gortyn akropolis honored one of the city’s main deities, along with Apollo and Demeter. Places of worship for Athena were widespread, and often also used as archives.

Historical locationTemple of Athena Skiras▶ show the map ◀

This temple was located on a headland on the island’s north side, facing Attika. The shrine hosted a grand feast each year in honor of Athena, the protector of Salamis’s farmers and sailors.

Historical locationTemple of Demeter▶ show the map ◀

Demeter was honored in Krete for introducing a number of discoveries to the island and then spreading them throughout the Greek world. These include the art of growing wheat on the island.

Historical locationTemple of Dionysos▶ show the map ◀

The Naxians dedicated a temple to Dionysos to ensure the fertility of their vines and first-rate wine production on the island. Several times a year, festivities were held to honor the god.

Historical locationTemple of Dionysos Kolonatas▶ show the map ◀

Generally a place of worship for women, this temple was set on a hill opposite the Spartan akropolis. During the god’s annual feast, a footrace involving eleven girls was held.

Historical locationTemple of Hades▶ show the map ◀

Hades, god of the underworld, was rarely honored. His temple in Elis opened just once a year, and only the priest could enter. It is said that this was because people could only go to Hades once.

Historical locationTemple of Hephaistos▶ show the map ◀

Hephaistos, god of fire, metallurgy, and volcanoes, was honored on the island of Lemnos. When Hera noticed his limp, she threw him off Olympos. He fell near the island, and was found by sea deities.

Historical locationTemple of Hephaistos▶ show the map ◀

Erected on a hill, this Doric temple overlooking the agora is dedicated to Hephaistos, god of the forge, and to Athena Ergane, goddess of arts and crafts. A garden adjoined the temple.

Historical locationTemple of Hera▶ show the map ◀

The Heraia were games for women organized in honor of Hera. Every four years, the sixteen Elis women in charge of organizing the Heraia wove a new veil for the goddess and placed it in her temple.

Historical locationTemple of Hera▶ show the map ◀

This temple was dedicated to Hera, who forbade the world from receiving the pregnant goddess, Leto. Only Delos welcomed her, where she gave birth to Artemis and Apollo.

Historical locationTemple of Herakles▶ show the map ◀

As the protector of the city, Herakles was the most important god in Thasos. He was called Herakles Soter - the savior. As such, he had his own sanctuary and was featured on Thasian coins.

Historical locationTemple of Kybele▶ show the map ◀

This goddess of fertility and nature from Asia Minor was popular on the island. She was known for having initiated Dionysos into mysteries and ecstasy.

Historical locationTemple of Poseidon▶ show the map ◀

Because Korinth was desired by the gods, Helios got the Akrokorinth and Poseidon got the Isthmus. Korinthians built a temple on the Isthmus for the god of the sea and oceans.

Historical locationTemple of Poseidon▶ show the map ◀

The Kretans worshipped Poseidon, one of Zeus's youngest brothers. Poseidon protected the navigation of boats, but was lesser known for the domestication of horses and horse riding.

Historical locationTemple of Themis▶ show the map ◀

On the slopes of the Akropolis was the temple of Themis, goddess of justice, law, and fairness. She succeeded her mother, Gaia, as the possessor of the Oracle of Delphi, later giving it to Apollo.

Historical locationTemple of Zeus▶ show the map ◀

Early Greek temples were built out of clay and wood. Stone structures weren't adopted until the seventh century BCE.

Historical locationTemple of Zeus▶ show the map ◀

The Temple of Zeus at the foot of the Akropolis was a vast temple dedicated to Olympian Zeus. Construction began under the tyrant Peisistratos but was interrupted by the emergence of democracy.

Historical locationTemple of Zeus▶ show the map ◀

The temple housed one of the seven wonders of the ancient world: Phidias’s statue of Zeus. To close the Olympic games, a procession led to the temple where victorious athletes were crowned.

Historical locationTemple of Zeus Chthonios▶ show the map ◀

Chthonios Zeus is the god of the earth credited with bountiful harvests.

Historical locationTerrace of the Lions▶ show the map ◀

Dating back to the seventh century BCE, the Terrace of the Lions facing the Sacred Lake originally consisted of at least nine marble statues, like the avenues of Egyptian sphinxes.

Historical locationThasos Agora▶ show the map ◀

The agora is the heart of the city. Both a commercial and political hub, it's a gathering place for citizens. The agora houses numerous administrative, commercial, and religious buildings.

Historical locationThasos City▶ show the map ◀

Mountainous Thasos was the most prosperous island in the region. Rich from its mines and forests, its marble deposits and wine were also lucrative. Its territory encompassed the entire island.

Historical locationThasos Temple▶ show the map ◀

The akropolis of Thasos overlooks the ancient city. It housed the theater and the sanctuaries of Athena, Pan, and Apollo. The city walls extended onto the summit to encircle the town.

Historical locationThasos Theater▶ show the map ◀

The theater was built in a natural dip on the akropolis and offered a beautiful view of the sea. Erected in the fifth century BCE, it was where the writer Hegemon invented a form of parody.

Historical locationThe Bloody Oracle▶ show the map ◀

Located southwest of the city on one of the akropolises, this oracle site was dedicated to Apollo. Once a month, a prophetess would convey oracles in the dead of night, after drinking the blood of a lamb.

Historical locationThe Bull of Oreos▶ show the map ◀

A number of bull statues have been found in Greece. Bulls were dedicated to gods as offerings.

Historical locationTheater of Dionysos▶ show the map ◀

This was built inside the god’s sanctuary and introduced Greek theater to the heart of the city. The great works of Euripides, Aischylos, Sophokles, and Aristophanes were performed there.

Historical locationThebes▶ show the map ◀

This illustrious city shares a legendary past with Oedipous and his desperate descendants, the legends of Herakles, and the men who sprang forth from planted snake teeth.

Historical locationTomb of Brizo▶ show the map ◀

Brizo, whose name means “to slumber,” was a goddess who spoke to men though prophetic dreams. People in Delos prayed particularly to her to protect boats.

Historical locationTomb of Leonidas▶ show the map ◀

Forty years after the battle of Thermopylai - around 440 BC - Leonidas’s bones were brought to Sparta. A hero's shrine was set up, and a stele inscribed with the names of the soldiers at Thermopylai.

Historical locationTomb of Medeas's Children▶ show the map ◀

Mermeros and Pheres were killed by their mother when their father, Jason, deserted her for Glauke, the Korinthian king’s daughter. An oracle advised the Korinthians establish rituals in their honor.

Historical locationTomb of Orestes▶ show the map ◀

Orestes’s bones were returned to Sparta from Tegea on the Delphic Oracle’s advice. The Spartans thus enabled eternal protection of the hero, who was associated with the city’s legendary past.

Historical locationTomb of Orion▶ show the map ◀

Orion the giant, son of Poseidon, was supposedly born in Boeotia. Artemis wanted revenge on him for seducing her follower Opis and sent a scorpion to kill him; it turned into a constellation.

Historical locationTomb Of Orpheus▶ show the map ◀

Orpheus was dismembered by Thrakian women, and his corpse was taken to the sea. His head and lyre reached Lesbos, where residents built a tomb for him. It's said lyre music could be heard from inside.

Historical locationTomb of the Amazons▶ show the map ◀

This diamond-shaped tomb depicts an Amazonian shield. It's dedicated to the Queen of the Amazons, Hyppolyta, who was defeated by Theseus and died of grief.

Historical locationTomb of the Epigones▶ show the map ◀

Following Theseus’s intervention, King Adrastos of Argos and Sikyon buried the ashes of the seven leaders killed during the expedition against Thebes here.

Historical locationTomb of the First Champion▶ show the map ◀

Koroibos of Elis was the champion of the stadium race, the most prestigious Olympic event, in the first Games in 776 BCE. His tomb is located on the border with Arkadia, marking the border of Elis.

Historical locationTomb of the Suitors▶ show the map ◀

This Mycenaean tomb notably housed the bones of seventy-two people. Among the remains were valuable offerings discovered near Pronnoi, believed to have belonged to ancient Ithakan nobility.

Historical locationTower of Timon▶ show the map ◀

In the time of Perikles, the misanthrope Timon shut himself away on a farm, in a tower that served as both a refuge and granary.

Historical locationTreasuries▶ show the map ◀

Cities erected small buildings shaped like temples at the foot of the hill of Kronos. They held valuable offerings that were placed under Zeus’s protection, such as weapons, statues, and vases.

Historical locationTreasuries▶ show the map ◀

Arranged in a semicircle, these five sacred buildings were mainly used to store offerings and holy materials.

Historical locationTripod of Plataia▶ show the map ◀

The 31 Greek cities that took part in the Battle of Plataia dedicated to Apollo a massive golden tripod made from the tithe of the Persian booty.

Historical locationTripods of the Deinomenids▶ show the map ◀

These two tripods weighed 400 kg each and were dedicated by the Tyrant of Syracuse after his victory in the battle of Himera to his brother to recall his victory at the battle of Kume.

Historical locationTydeus's Lair▶ show the map ◀

Tydeus was one of the seven leaders who organized an expedition against Thebes, helping Polynikes regain his city. In the heat of battle, Tydeus ate the brain of one of his enemies, Melanippos.

Historical locationUnderwater Ruins of Dyspontion▶ show the map ◀

Dyspontion was on the mountainous route between Olympia and Elis. It was a community of perioikoi destroyed in 570 BCE by the Eleians due to inhabitants joining Pisa in a revolt against Elis.

Historical locationVillage of Gytheion▶ show the map ◀

Sparta based its military power mainly on its land troops, preferring to use its allies’ naval contributions. Despite this, they used Glytheion as a port.

Historical locationVillage of Kausos▶ show the map ◀

Kausos is the ancient Greek word for fever, a symptom of malaria noted by Hippokrates. The disease was a driving force behind the depopulation of rural areas.

Historical locationVineyard of Glory▶ show the map ◀

Thasian wine was well known in antiquity. It was one of the best and was exported throughout the Mediterranean basin. Amphoras of Thasian wine have been found in Magna Grecia, Egypt, and as far away as the Black Sea.

Historical locationVouliagmeni Sinkhole▶ show the map ◀

The Vouliagmeni sinkhole, located near the Attika region, was nicknamed "the Devil's Hole."

Historical locationWaterfall of Styx▶ show the map ◀

The source of the legendary underworld river was in Arkadia. Not only did the gods use water from the Styx to administer oaths, but it was famously harmful to humans, livestock, and objects.

Historical locationXerxes's Sacrifice of the Nine▶ show the map ◀

On this very spot, Persian king Xerses buried nine young women and nine young men alive, and sacrificed white horses before crossing the river Strymon with his army.

Historical locationZakros▶ show the map ◀

Zakros was an urban center organized around a palace - just as Knossos, Phaistos, and Malia were. Occupied by the Minoans since the second millennium, the occupation ended around the 15th century BCE.

Historical locationZanes of the Cheats▶ show the map ◀

Zanes were bronze statues of Zeus that were paid for with the fines of silver imposed on athletes who were found to have cheated. Their names were etched on the pedestals, which was a source of shame.

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