Historical Locations, Assassin's Creed Odyssey Map

Legend / Points of interest

The following legend of Historical Locations interactive game map defines the points of interest / markers displayed on the map. Each marker corresponds to a specific element to facilitate efficient navigation and interaction with the map.

Historical locations

Abaton The abaton was the dormitory where, after a series of rites, the sick would receive visions from Asklepios in a dream. The visions were then interpreted by the sanctuary’s priest-physicians.

Agamemnon's Tomb Agamemnon may have been king of Mycenae and commander of United Greek armies in the Trojan War, but he had a less-than-glorious homecoming. While at a banquet, he was killed by his own wife's lover.

Aggalaki Cave The largest on Kephallonia, the "Blue Cave" houses a small lake. It is part of a large cave system with more interconnected underground lakes.

Agoge Camp North Sparta’s male education system, the agoge, had a mainly military aim. It was the longest educational system in the Greek world, with males age 7-29. Only heirs of royal families didn't participate.

Agora of Athens The Agora was the civic heart of Athens. It served as the center of all political, commercial, administrative, social, and legal activity.

Aipeia Before Epimelides of Thebes renamed the area Korone, it was known as Aipeia until the liberation of Messenia. The area had a sanctuary to Apollo Korythos, who was celebrated for his healing powers.

Akriai The Perioikoi were a group of Spartan “subcitizens” who lived in the rural areas of Lakonia and Messenia. They had local autonomy, but seem to have been subject to a special tax.

Akropolis of Argos The oldest sanctuaries in the city were built on two akropolises and housed the temples of Athena Polias, Zeus Larisaios, Hera Akraia, and Apollo Pythaios, which was connected to the Bloody Oracle.

Akropolis of Karthaia The Akropolis of Karthaia housed sacred buildings, including the temples of Apollo and of Athena. Public laws were recorded inside the temple of Apollo, the divine protector of the island.

Akropolis Sanctuary A symbol of Athens’s grandeur, the Akropolis was built at the city’s peak. After the Persian Wars, Perikles hired famous artists to erect this imposing sanctuary with the Delian League’s wealth.

Aliki Quarry The quarries of Aliki supplied the most beautiful marble on the island. The deposit’s proximity to the sea made extraction and exportation easier. The site was mined continuously throughout antiquity.

Alponos Alponos, the first village founded in Lokris, was also famous for serving as the Greek naval base during the Persian Wars.

Altar of Aphrodite The island’s sailors and fishermen prayed to the goddess to watch over them in nearby waters, which were known to be difficult to navigate. The gilt-head bream was sacred to her.

Altar of Apollo Maleatas Apollo Maleatas and Asklepios shared this sacred place on Mount Kynortion. Starting in the eighth century BCE, people worshipped Apollo as both a physician and as Asklepios’s father.

Altar of Artemis The cult of Artemis was widespread over the Kyklades. She was worshipped notably under the name Artemis Hekaerge, meaning “striking from a distance.”

Altar of Love The altar speaks to the rivalry between Eros and Anteros, sitting in front of the entrance to the Academy and near the famous gymnasium.

Altar of Melikertes Melikertes met a sad fate, ultimately ending when his mother threw both of them into the sea. Sisyphos found Melikertes’s body and buried it. He founded a cult and the Isthmian Games in his honor.

Altar of Prometheus A torch relay beginning at the foot of the altar - located near the Academy - was held in honor of Prometheus.

Altar of the Dioskouroi Legend has it that Kastor and Polydeukes were born on Mount Taygetos, near Sparta. The two young heroes and fighters were central to the Spartan warrior ritual at the beginning of campaigns.

Altar of the Twelve Gods This altar dedicated to the twelve gods seems to have also served as a place of refuge and a topographical point of reference. Herodotos used it to give sample distances.

Altar of Zeus This altar was made of sacrificed ashes mixed with Alpheios River water. On the third day of the Games, 100 oxen offered by the Eleians were killed, giving them sovereignty over the shrine.

Amphipolis Erected on Strymon’s east bank, Amphipolis played a strategic and economic role partly because of nearby silver mines. Settled by the Athenians, the city was captured by Sparta’s Brasidas in 424 BCE.

Amyklai Farm According to tradition, Amyklai was the home of Tyndareus and his two illustrious sons, Kastor and Polydeukes. It was known for its abundance of fruit trees.

Andania Mine Located near the future Messene, Andania was home to king Aristomenes, the general who rose up in the second Messinian War against the Spartans. They say his ghost haunted Spartans after his death.

Anthion Flowery Well It was here that Demeter, disguised as an old woman, is said to have met the daughters of Eleusis’s first king, Keleos. She took refuge in his home, teaching him rituals of her famed cult in Eleusis.

Apollo of Salamina This bronze statue of Apollo was dedicated to recall the naval victory of the Athenians and the oracle received by Themistokles.

Archegesion of Delos Dedicated to the island’s mythical founder, the archegetes Anios, this sanctuary was where he was honored as a hero.

Areopagus Named for being Ares's rock, this hill sat next to the Akropolis. In mythology, it is where Ares was judged for killing Poseidon’s son. The Areopagus was the court that decided homicide cases.

Argo Wreckage Jason and the Argonauts’ ship, Argo, was built by Argos and Athena. The goddess carved the bow from one of Dodona’s sacred oaks. The ship was dedicated to Poseidon at Korinth after the expedition.

Argos Founded at the foot of two akropolises, Argos has been occupied since prehistoric times. Praised for its heroes, it gained great fame in the fifth century BCE for its talented sculptors.

Asine Ruins Asine was destroyed in the seventh century BCE by the Argives for helping the Spartans in their war against Argos. After its demise, the Spartans gave Asine citizens compensatory land in Messenia.

Astypalia City Astypalaia was the largest city on the island, acting as its political center. It was home to most of the island’s population - its most celebrated citizen being the famous Hippokrates.

Athenian Portico This building was constructed against the polygonal wall that supported the terrace of the temple of Apollo and was used for setting up ex-votos, mostly spoils of war.

Athenian Treasury The Athenians dedicated this treasury to Apollo as the first fruits from the Persians at the Battle of Marathon.

Athenian Tumulus The state erected a burial mound at the heart of the plain for the 192 Athenians who fell during the Battle of Marathon. The tumulus of the Plataians was located three km north.

Athens Athens achieved glory in the fifth century BCE under Perikles, who made it a great military power at the head of an alliance of cities. It was the birthplace of democracy.

Athens Mint The mint is the place where coins are struck into creation. Round metal disks were prepared and then struck between two matrices to make a coin. Athens’s coinage was the most plentiful in Greece.

Battle of the Giants and Gods Here, frightening beings of invincible strength, the Giants, avenged the Titans who were ousted by the Olympians. In result, the Giants were struck by lightning and pierced with flying arrows.

Battleground of Plataia The Battle of Plataia - the last land battle of the Greco-Persian Wars - took place here in 479 BCE. This decisive victory brought Xerxes’s Persian invasion to a permanent end.

Boar Fighting Club Young Spartans performed ritual battles in this island-shaped area. Before combat, they sacrificed a black puppy to god of war Enyalios, and then organized boar fights.

Bouleuterion of Athens This building housed a council of 500 members, who were in charge of the city laws.

Bouleuterion of Delphi The Bouleuterion was the seat of a small local council which had judicial and financial powers. They met there every six months.

Boura Nestled in the mountains, Boura was either named for Ion's daughter or the centaur Dexamenos, who owned cattle there. A site nearby was used to learn about the future by throwing knucklebones.

Bridge to Euboea It is said that construction of the first bridge between Euboea and the continent began across the Euripos Strait during the Peloponnesian War. Theramenes the Athenian tried to stop its construction.

Bronze Club of Periphetes This bandit from Epidauros attacked unsuspecting travelers with his bronze club. Luckily for them, Theseus killed him while on his return voyage to Attika.

Bronze Vessel of Ares Ares was punished on Naxos for the murder of Adonis, Aphrodite’s beloved. The Aloadai, Poseidon’s sons, imprisoned Ares in a large bronze jar for thirteen long months.

Buried Head of Medusa It was said that Medusa’s head, which was brought back by Perseus, was found in a mound of earth near the Argos agora.

Burned Farm In the early years of the war, the Spartans invaded Attika’s countryside, destroying crops, and burning farms to starve the Athenians and force them to fight on land.

Burned Temple of Charites The temple of the Charites was the oldest in Orchomenos. The three goddesses, often called Graces, were worshipped as deities of the Kephissos River. Eteokles was the first to honor them.

Burned Temple of Hera The Persian general Mardonios burned this temple during the Greco-Persian Wars. Although it was not rebuilt, the Athenians placed a new statue of the goddess on the spot.

Cave of Ionides Constructed by mortals, this resembled the cave on Ida where it was said that Zeus spent his youth. It was a grotto where Zeus was honored, located near the Kronion, the hill of Kronos.

Cave of Iphimedeia Being in love with Poseidon, Iphimedeia often walked to the sea and collected its waters in her lap. There she became, by Poseidon, the mother of the Aloadai, Otos and Ephialtes.

Cave of Mt. Zas Naxos Island is peppered with places that have been pinpointed as important in Zeus's youth. The god of men and gods had been everywhere, including the cave of Mt. Zas on Naxos.

Cave of Pan Known for its boulders and stalagmites resembling a herd of goats, this grotto dedicated to Pan is located near Marathon, on the south coast.

Cave of Tethys The titan daughter of Uranus and Gaia, Tethys married her brother Okeanos and became the mother of Greece's rivers.

Cave of the Nymphs This cave served as a shelter for the Naiads, young nymphs who spun the sea into a glistening purple cloth. Odysseus prayed here in joy upon his return.

Cemetery Road Along the road leaving the city were state-funded collective burial mounds for soldiers who died in combat, as well as a number of noteworthy private tombs. Perikles was buried here in 429 BCE.

Chalkis City Renowned for its metalworking and bronze weapon manufacturing, Chalkis was likely to fall away from Athens during the Peloponnesian War, and had to sign a treaty swearing loyalty to them.

Champion's Gymnasium The gymnasium was the training venue for Thasian athletes, the most famous of whom was Theagenes. His strength was legendary, and he was victorious in boxing and pankration at every Panhellenic Game.

Chariot of Amphiaraos As a leader and seer, Amphiaraos took part in the expedition of the seven against Thebes. According to myth, Zeus threw a thunderbolt, causing the earth to open and swallow him and his chariot.

Chariot of Hippolytos Wrongfully accused by his stepmother, Phaidra, Theseus’s son died while driving his chariot by the sea. Desiring his son’s death, Theseus called on Poseidon, who sent a sea monster.

Charioteer of Delphi This statue was dedicated by the Tyrant of Gela to commemorate his victory at the chariot race during the Pythian Games of 478 or 474 BCE.

Chios Chios was a major city. Its inhabitants were regarded as the richest Greeks. Besides mastic, Chios exported wine and figs and had one of the biggest fleets.

Chora of Delphi Since the city of Delphi operated a Panhellenic sanctuary, the surrounding area enjoyed the special status associated with the oracle's property.

City of Orchomenos The former capital of the legendary Minyan race formed a district of Boeotia. The city’s protector, Zeus, and Dionysos were honored there, but its most famous sanctuary was to the Charites, also called the Graces.

Club of Herakles It is said that when Herakles put down his wild olive-wood club in Argolis, it took root and began to sprout leaves.

Copper Mine The island was famous for its copper mines. The ore is one of the ingredients in the alloy bronze, which was used to make sculptures, domestic items, small coins, and weapons.

Cyclopean Head of Medusa A Medusa’s head allegedly shaped by Cyclopean hands was set up in Argolis. Various monuments in the Peloponnese were attributed to Cyclopes "builders."

Daidalos Armory Daidalos was an architect, sculptor, inventor, and artisan known in antiquity for creating wonders of the Greek world. One of his most legendary contributions was the labyrinth.

Daidalos's Statue of Herakles Located at the border of Messenia and Arkadia, this statue is said to have been created by the famous Daidalos. This eclectic artist was known as a skilled inventor, architect, and sculptor.

Deathbed of Ariadne Ariadne, in love with Theseus, was abandoned by the hero on Naxos after he returned to Athens. She was killed by the wrathful Artemis for defiling a sacred place dedicated to the goddess.

Dedication of the Knidians This building was a meeting and dining place that was decorated with paintings commemorating the fall of Troy and the return of the victorious Greek heroes.

Dekelia During the Peloponnesian War, Dekelia was used as a Spartan base at Alkibiades’s recommendation. The location allowed the Spartans to be at the crossroads of supply routes.

Destroyed House of Oinomaos This King of Pisa refused to let his daughter marry, as an oracle predicted his son-in-law would kill him. He had suitors go against him in a chariot race, where Pelops beat him with Poseidon’s horses.

Diolkos East Ramp This seven km paved ramp had a track so boats could cross the Isthmus of Korinth without having to go around the Peloponnese. It was used by both military and commercial boats.

Diolkos West Ramp This seven km paved ramp had a track so boats could cross the Isthmus of Korinth without having to go around the Peloponnese. It was used by both military and commercial boats.

Drogarati Cave Prehistoric bones were found inside this cave, which reaches depths of 95 meters.

Dromos This racetrack in the Korinthian agora is one of the oldest, built in the sixth century BCE. Its layout seems to confirm knowledge and the use of pi.

Dromos The Dromos course was for footraces, but it was also the place where young people were integrated into the city. Young Spartans offered sacrifices at a statue of Herakles when they became adults.

Eleusis Telesterion Dedicated to Demeter and Persephone, the Telesterion was where people were inducted into the Eleusinian Mysteries. This secret initiation offered the promise of a better life in the beyond.

Elis Elis was created by the merging of villages, forming one of the biggest cities in the Peloponnese. It was especially well known for its sanctuary of Olympia, which gave it prestige and wealth.

Entrance to the Underworld Many entrances to the underworld were known in ancient Greece. This entrance is linked to where Demeter’s daughter was abducted by Hades, who stole her away to the underworld, wanting to marry her.

Epidauros Epidauros was strategically placed between Athens and Argos as an entry point for pilgrims. They would travel from all over Greece to the nearby healing sanctuary of Asklepios.

Erechtheion Known for its caryatids, this asymmetrical temple was dedicated to Poseidon, Athena, and two legendary kings, Erechtheus and Kekrops. It was the most significant site of worship at the Akropolis.

Eresos Eresos joined the Mytilenean revolt against Athens during the Peloponnesian War. It was also known as the birthplace of the poet Sappho.

Eretria This city on the island’s west coast was known as the first target during the Persians’ raid against Greece. Eretria was violently attacked for six days, with many residents taken to Persia.

Eumaios's Pig Farm Eumaios was Odysseus's loyal swineherd. He was the first to welcome him back to Troy and assisted him in the slaughter of Penelope's suitors.

Farm of Elais Elais was one of three daughters of Anios, who ruled Delos during the Trojan War. Dionysos gave her the ability to make oil spring from the ground.

Farm of Tripodiskos Tripodiskos was born when an Argive brought a tripod from Delphi. They had orders from the Pythia that wherever it fell, he must live and build a temple to Apollo.

Fisherman's Beachhead To tenderize octopus flesh, ancient Greek fishermen faithfully followed Hippokrates’s proverb to give them two sets of seven blows. Octopus was very popular, notably for its aphrodisiac properties.

Forest of Pholos Herakles met the centaur Pholos here while hunting the Erymanthian boar. When Pholos opened a jar of wine, other armed centaurs arrived, and Herakles fought them, killing all - including Pholos.

Forge The forge was the place where metal was worked to make weapons, swords, shields, and spears. Blacksmiths revered Hephaistos, the blazing god of metallurgy and fire.

Fort Geraneia Mt. Geraneia, or "crane hill," was named for the flock of cranes that showed Megaros the way to its peak to escape a flood.

Fort Tiryns On a rocky hill in the Argive plains, “mighty-walled" Tiryns was the second most important site in the Mycenaean world. Linked with Herakles, it had a palace, Cyclopean walls, and tunnels.

Fortified Marble Quarry Paros’s marble was the most famous in ancient history. With an exquisite white color and a ghostly transparency, it was used throughout the world for the most prestigious sculptures and buildings.

Fountain of Glauke This fountain was named after Jason's second wife, who threw herself in after wearing a poisoned cape given to her by Jason's first wife.

Fountain of Peirene The fountain of Peirene was in the middle of the city - near the road leading to the port. It was made up of many reservoirs, and, according to tradition, was connected with the spring on the Akrokorinth.

Garden of Kynosarges This place owes its origins to the hero Didymos, who - wanting to make a sacrifice to the god of wine - was stopped by a white (argos) dog (kunos) who stole the animal he intended to sacrifice.

Giant Heroes Burial Ground Poseidon’s two sons, the Aloadai, were buried on the island. The strong, bold giants threatened the gods by piling up mountains to reach Olympos.

Gorani Marble Quarry Gorani was the best known marble quarry in Sparta. Very fine-grained, light gray marble was extracted there.

Gortyn Gortyn was one of Krete’s most affluent cities. Legends included Europa giving birth to King Minos and the bull who sired the Minotaur. Gortyn’s law code was the oldest of the Occidental world.

Gortyn Code Inscribed in the fifth century BCE, this famous piece of legislation regulated Gortyn's civil life. It included the management of family affairs affecting inheritance, divorce, adoption, and widowhood.

Grand Temple of Apollo This was the largest of the three temples dedicated to Apollo. Its construction began when the island became the seat of the Delian League between 475 - 450 BCE.

Grave of Laios When he went to consult the Oracle of Delphi, Laios, the father of Oedipous, was killed by his son without either knowing who the other was.

Grave of Sisyphos Sisyphos was the mythical founder of Korinth and the Isthmian Games. For defying Zeus, he was condemned to push a boulder to the top of a hill for eternity. His tomb is said to be in Korinthia.

Grotto of Pan This Arkadian native was half man, half goat, and protected shepherds and flocks. Since this god was associated with the wild countryside and mountainous settings, several caves were dedicated to him.

Gymnasium This was the training ground for athletes, who coated their bodies in olive oil and sprinkled on sand for sun protection and body temperature regulation. After training, it was removed with a strigil.

Hall of the Forty-Nine Skulls Danaos’s fifty daughters each received a dagger for their marriages to his brother Aigyptos’s fifty sons. Though Danaos commanded his daughters kill their husbands, one chose to save her spouse.

Healing Sanctuary of Amphiaraos Established as a hero and seer, Amphiaraos had an oracular sanctuary near Oropos. Patients were treated through dreams. After healing, a gold or silver coin was tossed into the sanctuary’s spring.

Heraion of Argos Founded in the ninth century BCE on a hillside, the sanctuary of Hera housed many buildings. The oldest temple dedicated to this goddess, protector of the city, was burned in 423 BCE by Chrysis.

Heraion of Samos The Heraion of Samos and the Heraion of Argos were the largest sanctuaries dedicated to Hera in the Greek world. Samos’s sanctuary was one of the very first temples made of stone.

Heraklion This small town was named after the Greek hero Herakles. It's best known for being the port for the city of Knossos.

Herb Fishing Village Fishing has a crucial role in Greek society. It's a staple in their diet - especially for people of modest means. Greeks mastered line, net, and even harpoon fishing.

Hermippos's Residence Also known as Poulytion’s home, this was one of the most beautiful in Athens. It was dedicated to Dionysos after the host was sentenced for performing a parody of the Eleusinian Mysteries.

Hestiatorion Banquets were held inside this building on feast days. They increased the population’s feeling of religiosity and strengthened the ties between the public and divine spheres.

Hippodrome Horse races were some of the most popular and spectacular events of the Olympic Games, featuring races of chariots pulled by two horses (biga) and four horses (quadriga), as well as mounted races.

Hippokratic School of Medicine The Asklepiads - the most famous being Hippokrates - practiced at the medical school of Kos. They were said to be the descendants of Asklepios, passing knowledge down through the generations.

House of Aphrodite Brothels were located near the Kerameikos quarter, which was named for its numerous pottery workshops.

Huntress Village Hunting was an integral part of Greek education. Not only did it prepare Greeks for war, but it tested their bravery. Various game was hunted, like lynx, bear, boar, hare, partridge, and grouse.

Kadmeia The akropolis of Thebes was called Kadmeia after its legendary founder, Kadmos. He left in search of his sister Europa when she was kidnapped by Zeus, who had taken the form of a bull.

Kalydonian Boar While making sacrifices for a bountiful harvest, the king of Kalydon forgot the altars of Artemis. To retaliate, Artemis sent a wild boar to ravage the country.

Karystos Dock Karystos was located at an important meeting point of shipping routes linking the Gulf of Euboea and the Aegean archipelago. It was also known for joining the Persian army in the Persian Wars.

Kastalian Fountain Pilgrims, the Pythia, and priests alike were required to perform ablutions here before consulting the oracle.

Keadas Cave Keadas was a chasm that had seen many deaths. People sentenced to die and Sparta's captured enemies were thrown into its depths. Aristomenes was thrown twice, but managed to make a legendary escape.

Kephisos Spring Personified as a man with bull horns, the Kephisos River was worshipped as a god. It fed into the plain of Phokis and Boeotia and ended in Lake Kopais.

Kerkyon Wrestling Ground It was on the road from Eleusis to Megara that Kerkyon forced travelers to wrestle, killing those he defeated. In consequence, he was violently put to death by Theseus.

Kleptous Bay The ancient Greek word "kleptes" lives on as the root word of kleptomania, which describes an impulse to steal - usually without an economic motive.

Knossos Palace This palace - the largest of all palaces - was built in the 17th century BCE and is linked to the legend of King Minos. More than 13,000 square meters, it's made up of several rooms around a central courtyard.

Kolonos Hippios This hill was home to an altar shared by Poseidon and Athena, honored as protectors of horses, which were used for transport, war, racing, and hunting.

Koressia Close to Attika on the northwest side of the island, Koressia could be reached from Athens in 24 hours. Its economic history was tied to its silver mines and the miltos used to paint triremes.

Korinth Korinth was a major commercial city that controlled the Isthmus of Korinth through its two ports on the Aegean Sea and the Gulf of Korinth. Its position contributed to its prosperity in trades.

Korkyraean Bull This bull was offered by the people of Korkyra after a miraculous day of tuna fishing.

Kresilas's Residence Kresilas was a celebrated Kretan sculptor. He famously crafted a statue of Perikles standing on the Akropolis, called “Olympian Perikles.”

Krokeai The Perioikoi may not have been equal to Spartan citizens, but they too were involved in the military affairs of the Lakedaimonian army, serving as hoplites.

Krotoniate Tripod After their victory over the Sybarites, the Krotoniates dedicated to Apollo a tripod that was also the emblem of the coinage of Kroton, an Achaian colony in southern Italy.

Kydonia Kydonia was re-founded in the sixth century BCE by the Samians, yet it is still considered one of the oldest cities in Krete. Its name is said to have derived from the quinces grown there.

Kyllene Located on the coast, Kyllene was a base for the Eleian fleet. Aphrodite and Asklepios were worshipped there with statues made of ivory. The cult of Hermes was particularly popular.

Kynthos Ruins Settlements dating back to the third millennium were erected on Mount Kynthos and then abandoned. It was also famous for being the place where Leto gave birth to Artemis and Apollo.

Kythera Town Renowned for its purple dye and strategic position on the Aegean Sea, Kythera was coveted by many cities during the Peloponnesian War. Taking it was one of the Athenian army’s challenges.

Lake Abythos Located near the city of Pronnoi, Kephallonia's only lake is so deep that it was long believed to have no bottom.

Lalaia The city was named for the nymph Lalaia, daughter of the river god Kephisos. It was built near the springs the nymph was believed to protect.

Lato The city of Lato was built on a double akropolis with homes built on the slopes. Its protector was Eileithyia, the goddess of childbirth often associated with Hera and Artemis.

Learna Swamp Despite the lake's calm look, it was known for draining its swimmers out the bottom. Just southwest from here, Herakles killed the Hydra, cauterizing its necks to prevent its heads from growing back.

Lebadeia Lebadeia was mainly known for the Oracle of Trophonios, which was consulted by people everywhere. Neraby was also a sanctuary of Zeus Basileos, the city’s protective deity.

Leonidaion The Leonidaion was a guesthouse with a number of rooms on all sides for important visitors to the sanctuary. Its name is derived from the name of its architect, Leonidas of Naxos.

Lesche of the Knidians The Liparians dedicated a group of Apollo statues to commemorate a naval victory over the Etruscans. Twenty statues for the twenty ships seized by the enemy.

Lighthouse of the Father of Ajax Ajax's father went with Jason on the quest for the golden fleece and the Kalydonian boar, and then to Salamis after killing his own brother. He watched the boat taking his sons to Troy from the port.

Lightning Zeus The Lightning Zeus is depicted as such to mirror the geophysical phenomena of Mount Ainos, known for its spectacular thunderstorms.

Limnai Limnai was one of the original villages that formed Sparta. The temple of Artemis Orthia was nearby, whose worship was associated with the long process for future Spartan citizens.

Lion of Leonidas In the fifth century BCE, a stone lion was placed on the hill of Thermopylai to commemorate Leonidas. It was near the five stelai and mass grave for those who fell in the defense of Thermopylai.

Lost Garden of Bacchylides Bacchylides, a great poet of the fifth century BCE, was born on the island. His poems celebrated the gods, Athenian democracy, and Olympic winners such as the tyrant of Syrakousai.

Lost Shrine of Poseidon Legend has it that an oracle directed the residents of Lesbos to make a sacrifice to Poseidon and his wife, Amphitrite, by throwing a bull and a maiden from a rocky headland into the sea.

Lykeion Garden This place tells the story of Lykos, a priest and mythical seer who instituted the cult of Apollo Lykeios. The priest of this cult had a reserved place at the theater of Dionysos.

Madness Cave It was in this cave in the Aroanian mountains that the daughters of Proitos, king of the Tiryns, took refuge after Dionysos drove them mad.

Marathon Marathon owes its name to the fennel thriving in its swamps. It was known for the great battle between 10,000 Greeks and 500,000 Persians in 490 BCE. 6,400 Persians died versus only 192 Athenians.

Marble Trophy After the battle of Marathon, the Athenians and their allies erected a marble trophy to mark their victory and the 6,400 Persians killed.

Marble Workshop One of the 170 trades in Athens was marble work. Having become a major hub for marble sculpture, Athens attracted artists from across the Greek world. Their protector was Athena Ergane.

Mastic Farm Chios was the primary source of mastic, a fragrant resin extracted from the mastic tree and used as a varnish and a flavoring. Some wines were mastic-flavored, too.

Megara Megara occupied a territory that held great military and commercial significance in mainland Greece.

Melanthios's Goat Farm Melanthios, Odysseus's goatherd, mistook him for a beggar upon his return and hit him. Sure his master had died in Troy, he betrayed him to impress Penelope's suitors.

Melissani Cave The Melissani Cave is dedicated to the god Pan. Located 20 m below ground, it is 160 m long and 40 m deep. It contains stalactites that are over 20,000 years old.

Melos Founded by Spartan settlers on a volcanic island, Melos's main city goes by the same name. It was known for its resources such as sulfur and obsidian, which were exported across the Mediterranean.

Memorial of the Amazons The tomb of the Amazon Antiope was located near the temple of Zeus Olympian. Theseus mortally wounded her during the Amazonian invasion of Attika.

Menelaion This sanctuary sat on a rocky cliff overlooking the city and fertile plains. It was dedicated to the Spartan king Menelaus and his wife, Helen, over whom the Trojan War was fought for ten years.

Mesoa Mesoa was one of the four villages that united in the eighth century BCE to form the Spartan city-state under the authority of two families of kings: the Eurypontids and the Agiads.

Military Fort of Gla Gla was already fortified in the Mycenaean period. A Cyclopean wall surrounded the city on an island in Lake Kopais. A drainage system emptied and filled the lake to irrigate the plain.

Monument of Epigones After their victory over the Spartans, this monument was erected by the Argives and represents the seven leaders of the legendary expedition against Thebes.

Monument of Hippolytos This cenotaph was erected in honor of Theseus’s son, with whom Phaidra, his father’s wife, fell in love. When he rebuffed her, Phaidra accused him of violence, bringing about his death.

Monument of Melissa The tomb of the Korinthian tyrant Periander’s wife was located near Epidauros. Her husband killed her after a fit of jealousy.

Monument of Militiades This monument was dedicated in 465 BCE to commemorate the battle of Marathon, which took place 30 years prior.

Monument of the Eponymous Heroes Official documents, including the list of military contingents, were posted on this monument dedicated to the eponymous heroes of Athens.

Mt. Pentelikos Marble Quarry To reduce transport weight, the quarry provided a leveled product that was finished on-site. Blocks were then taken by land and boat for export.

Mt. Pentelikos Village East of Athens, Mt. Pentelikos was the source of the marble used in architectural construction of Perikles’s grand project on the Akropolis.

Murex Dyeing Facility The purple dye for clothing came from shellfish. Captured alive, they exhaled their colored juices at death. Millions of snails were needed to get a small amount of the special substance.

Mycenae Home of King Agamemnon, Mycenae was one of the oldest cities in Greece. Dating from the third millennium BCE, it's said its walls were the work of Cyclopes. It was abandoned in the fifth century BCE.

Mykonos City According to mythology, Mykonos was created from the petrified bodies of giants killed by Herakles. The city was famous for its blue granite and abundant wells.

Myrina Myrina was best known for its cults of Artemis, Athena Selene, and the Mother Goddess. One of its important goods was Lemnian soil, which was said to heal wounds and snake bites.

Mytilene Mytilene was under Persian domination, but became a loyal ally of Athens after the Greco-Persian Wars. However, faced with the increase in tribute to Athens, it decided to revolt in 428 BCE.

Nauplia Nauplia, meaning “naval station,” is the port of Argolis. The Spartans arrived by boat for the Battle of Sepeia after sacrifices yielded unfavorable omens advising them not to cross the Eranos River.

Naxian Sphinx Naxos, a rich island in the Kyklades renowned for its artistic tradition, consecrated this votive in remembrance of its privilege to consult with the Pythia before others.

Naxos As the largest of the Kyklades, Naxos was known for its marble and emery. It was also the birthplace of Dionysos, and where Ariadne was abandoned by her beloved Theseus.

Nemean Lion The hide of this invincible creature could not be burned or pierced by any weapon. Herakles used his cunning to trap it in its den, then strangled it with his own hands. He wore the hide himself.

Odeon of Perikles The Odeon showed musical performances and was modeled after the Persian king Xerxes’s tent, which was brought back as plunder. It was the largest building in Athens and the first theater to receive a roof.

Odysseus's Palace Odysseus, the most illustrious of all Greek heroes, was among the chiefs who set out for Troy. He returned to Ithaka and reclaimed his palace twenty years later.

Oil Workshop A flagship product of ancient Greece, oil was used in food, personal care, perfumery, and lighting. Physicians also attributed therapeutic properties to it.

Olive Farm Olive trees were grown both for their fruit - a staple in Greek diets - and their oil, used for medicine and perfumery. They were picked from the ground after shaking or beating the trees with poles.

Olive Tree of Herakles Herakles’s club was made of wood from a wild olive tree near the Saronida sea.

Olympic Gymnasium This complex was made up of a central courtyard surrounded by rooms for changing, washing, and exercising. It had punching balls for boxers, and wrestling and pankration were practiced there.

Olympic Pool This rectangular pool was equipped with a water supply and drainage system.The Greek baths were adjacent.

Olympic Shipwreck The Olympic Games drew many travelers, many of whom came by sea. Shipwrecks were frequent and a valid excuse for athletes’ late arrivals.

Olympic Tree The wild olive tree from which Olympic winners’ crowns were made was called the olive tree of the “beautiful crown.” Branches were cut with a golden sickle.

Opous Opous was Lokris’s main city and the hometown of the hero Patroklos. It was famed for aiding Leonidas during the Persian wars and for its pirates harassing fifth-century BCE Athenian traders.

Oreos Quarry Open-pit mines made ore extraction - done with wedges, pickaxes, and mallets - easier. Once a slab was freed, it could be moved with cranes, pulleys, levers, and rails.

Origins of the Karyatids The woman-shaped columns were inspired by either the punished women of Karyes who joined the Persians in war, or the young women of Karyes, who danced for Artemis Karyatis.

Pagai Pagai held strategic importance during the Persian War, and played a pivotal role during the Peloponnesian War.

Palace of Hippomedon Known for his gigantic size, Hippomedon's claim to fame was participating in the expedition of the seven against Thebes. The ruins of the palace he lived in are still visible.

Palm Tree of Eurymedon This bronze palm was erected by the Athenians following their victory over the Persians at the Battle of Eurymedon. The victory put an end to the threat of another Persian invasion of Greece.

Panathenaia The boat that was used during Panathenaic processions was kept near the Areopagus. Equipped with wheels for the occasion, it was pulled like a parade float.

Panormos Panormos was renowned for its harbor, an excellent site to drop anchor.

Parnes Hunting Grounds This wooded mountain range separating Attika and Boeotia was famed for wild boar and bear hunting.

Paros Harbor Thanks to its marble quarries, Paros was considered the richest of the Kyklades, and therefore paid the highest tribute the Delian League. It was often in rivalry with the neighboring city of Naxos.

Parthenon Built to the glory of Athens’s protector, the Parthenon housed the gold and ivory statue of Athena made by Phidias. Made of Pentelic marble, the structure held the city’s and Delian League’s riches.

Patrai As the most prominent city in the region, Patrai was used as a naval base during the Peloponnesian War. It was also known for having twice as many women as men in its population.

Pavlopetri This underwater city, whose first traces of dwellings date back to 5000 BCE, was home to monuments and tombs. It is said to have been engulfed after a series of devastating earthquakes.

Pellene Pellene has the distinction of being the first city in Achaia to join Sparta in the Peloponnesian War in 431 BCE.

Pelopeion It was dedicated to Pelops, which inspired the name “Peloponnese.” His cult developed into the founding myth of the Olympic Games, and a black ram was sacrificed in his honor every year.

Persian Cliff This Persian cliff was named after the nephew of Darius. He attempted to kill the Megarians by night, but ended up shooting arrows into the cliff face instead.

Persian Trireme The Persians fought a losing battle at Salamis. The resulting shipwrecks littered the Greek coasts, souvenirs of their defeat.

Persian Trophies A stoa was raised on the agora using Persian spoils after the Greco-Persian Wars. Columns nearby featured defeated Persians such as Darius’s general, Mardonios.

Phaistos Theater A rectangular court sits in the heart of this palace perched on a hill surrounded by a plain of olive trees. It was used for religious ceremonies, political assemblies, and shows involving bulls.

Phaistos Village Gortyn coveted Phaistos's territory from its founding. Phaistos was renowned for having the second largest palace, in which the clay disk was found.

Phaleron Sunken Harbor Before Piraeus, the Phaleron port was used during the Greco-Persian Wars, but it was mainly known as the place where Athenian boats set out for the Trojan War.

Pheidon's Tomb Argos’s King Pheidon was known for his arrogance. He allegedly took the organization of the Olympic Games from Elis, and he was wrongfully credited in helping invent weights and measures.

Phidias's Workshop Phidias was the greatest Greek sculptor. He created many masterpieces, including the Olympic sanctuary’s gold and ivory statue of Zeus, which was considered one of the seven wonders of the ancient world.

Phigaleia Fishing Port Phigaleia was the home of the famed pankratiast Arrachion, who won posthumously when his opponent suffocated him illegally during a bout. His corpse was named the winner at the 564 BCE Olympic Games.

Phorkys Anchorage Named for the ancient sea god Phorkys, this bay was the first sight Odysseus saw upon his return. It provides a natural shelter for sailors from rough waters.

Pilgrimage Site The oldest sanctuary of Aphrodite drew just as many sailors while in port as it did pilgrims coming for celebrations honoring the goddess.

Pillar of Dionysos This statue of the god of wine and fertility is located close to Megara. Only its face is visible - the rest of the body is hidden by foliage.

Pitana Like Mesoa, Pitana was one of the four original villages that formed Sparta. The Agiads, one of Sparta’s royal families, originated there.

Pnyx Situated on a hill, this was where Athenians gathered for assemblies. Decrees were ratified, budgets voted on, and administration members appointed. It was where citizens could have a voice.

Poiessa Village Located on the west coast of the island and bordering a fertile valley, Poiessa was an important farming area. Its spot was advantageous for coastal defense and monitoring maritime traffic to Athens.

Polykleitos's Workshop Polykleitos preferred to work with bronze and the lost-wax casting technique as a sculptor. His known work, titled Kanon, described the perfect system of proportions for each part of the body.

Porneion Prostitution establishments, called porneions, were generally found in commercial areas - near ports, or agoras. The women who made this their trade could be either slaves or free women.

Port of Kechries This port was ideally situated at the crossroads of eastern land and sea-trade routes. Aphrodite and Poseidon - whose bronze statues bordered the sea - were venerated there.

Port of Kreusis Kreusis was a fortified port dependent on Thespiai, but also used by Thebes. Protected from violent winds by a mole, it was the main Boeotian naval port on the Gulf of Korinth.

Port of Lechaion The port of Lechaion was artificially made in the time of Periander on the Gulf of Korinth. The city was connected to the port by long walls and to the port of Kechries by the Diolkos trackway.

Port of Piraeus The port was a socially and economically separate world split into three areas: military ports, commercial ports, and a residential area. It played a critical role in Athens’s impact as a naval power.

Potidaia Founded by the Korinthians to make trade easier in Macedonia, Potidaia was central to an event leading to the Peloponnesian War. It sought Sparta and Korinth’s help to end Athens’s excessive demands.

Propylea This gateway marked the entrance of the Akropolis sanctuary. Constructed of Pentelic marble, it had a central building with five gates and was the end of the Sacred Way. Two wings housed paintings.

Prototype Trireme of Ameinokles Ameinokles, the Korinthian shipbuilder, was the first Greek to build a trireme. This light, agile model with a rostrum for ramming became the main combat vessel of the fifth century BCE.

Prytaneion The goal of this court was to judge objects that had committed murder. The attempt of these legal actions removed the stains of blood spilled in the crime.

Prytaneion The Prytaneion contained an altar in honor of Hestia, and was where the Olympic flame burned. Priests and game officials resided there, and it was also used for Olympic victory ceremonies.

Racecourse of Atalanta Atalanta would marry only if her suitor could beat her in a footrace. One suitor, Hippomenes, cunningly put golden apples in her path. Curious, she stopped to gather them and was forced to marry him.

Raven's Rock Odysseus planned the murder of his wife's suitors here upon his return.

Red Lake Aptly named “white gold,” sea salt was vital for adding flavor to food, but also for conserving, dyeing, and perfumery. The harvesting and trading of sea salt was a strictly systematized business.

Rhenea This island served as the necropolis for Delos because, in 426 BCE, births and deaths were forbidden on the island of Apollo.

Ruined Temple of Apollo Apollo was one of the foremost gods in Megara, but this temple didn't necessarily reflect his importance. It was made of weak clay bricks, which eventually crumbled.

Ruined Temple of Athena Poliouchos The city’s protector had a temple on the akropolis. Mazares, a Persian general who defected to Cyrus the Great, took refuge here. Many Chians would not dare to make sacrifices there after his capture.

Sacred Lake This round body of water is one of the main features of Delos’s landscape. In antiquity, those who fished in it risked punishment.

Salamis Looking at the Salamis strait will always evoke the Greeks' victory over the Persians. Forced to fight in this narrow strait, the Persians couldn't make full use of their naval strength, and perished.

Sami Sami is the oldest city on Kephallonia, an island reputed for the wood of its abies cephalonica fir trees.

Sanctuary of Apollo Headquarters to the Delian League, the sanctuary held the League’s treasury in the Temple of Apollo until its transfer to Athens. It was a prestigious site for pilgrimages, festivals, and games.

Sanctuary of Asklepios This place was famous in Greece for attracting sick pilgrims. After the sick performed various rituals - fast, bath, and sacrifice - Asklepios would come to them in a dream and bring healing.

Sanctuary of Athena The Sanctuary of Athena was built on the Akropolis. Inside were three temples dedicated to worshipping her.

Sanctuary of Delphi The Panhellenic Sanctuary of Delphi was renowned for the Oracle of Apollo, and considered the center of the world in ancient Greece.

Sanctuary of Eleusis Located on a rich plain, the sanctuary of Demeter and Persephone was the site of important religious festivities. The large size of the Telesterion attests to the popularity of the initiatory cult.

Sanctuary of Mt. Zas The sanctuary of Zeus was located on the island’s highest point. It was built where Zeus hid from his father, Kronos, until he was old enough to fight the Titans.

Sanctuary of Olympia Constructed in the heart of Elide was this important sanctuary. Olympic games were celebrated every four years to honor Zeus and Hera, and brought eternal glory to the winners.

Sanctuary of Pan The modest sanctuary of the god Pan is held within a cave cut into the rock on the akropolis. He was honored by shepherds as the protector of flocks but also by soldiers as the god of panic.

Sanctuary of Sounion On the edge of Attika, this sanctuary housed a temple of Poseidon. Sitting above the Aegean Sea, it enabled sailors to pray to Poseidon for safe passage on the seas.

Sanctuary of the Muses The Sanctuary of the Muses was on the northeastern slopes of Mount Helikon. According to myth, the muses were the daughters of Zeus and Mnemosyne and may have inspired Hesiod’s Theogony.

Sappho School Surnamed the tenth muse, Sappho taught young girls the art of lyric poetry in Lesbos. Her poetry spoke of love and torment, marriage, and female beauty.

Sea Captain Dock The port of Kenchries also had a sanctuary of Aphrodite. She was honored there as a goddess of navigation and the sea - not as the goddess of love as on the Akrokorinth.

Shipwreck of Ajax According to a late tradition, the Lokrian Ajax, the ancient hero of Troy, was buried in Mykonos.

Shipwreck of Dionysos and the Pirate Taking revenge on pirates who kidnapped him for money, Dionysos immobilized their ship in ivy vines. Driven mad, the pirates dove into the water and were turned into dolphins.

Shipwreck of Nestor King of Pylos and ruler of Messenia, Nestor traveled Greece with Menelaus to form an army, leading an expedition against the city of Troy. He was the oldest and wisest hero in the Trojan War.

Shrine of Aphrodite Aphrodite had an important role in Keos - especially for magistrates who made offerings and dedications to her. It was thought she would watch over all civic matters and protect their positions.

Shrine of Aphrodite When Aphrodite emerged from the sea, Kythera was the first city to welcome her. Fleeing Troy, her son Aineias dedicated a shrine to her there. It is deemed the oldest in the Greek world.

Sikyonian Treasury This treasury celebrates the victories of the tyrant of Sikyon, Kleisthenes, during the First Sacred War. The monument was decorated with mythological legends, like the Argonauts’ expedition.

Silver Mines The akropolis mine supplied silver lead. Used to produce pure silver, one of the elements used to mint coins, it contributed greatly to the city’s wealth.

Sinis Torture Grounds This ruthless bandit was in the habit of bending trees to tie people to them. When the trees were released, they pulled the unfortunate victims apart. Theseus killed him as punishment.

Site of Iphigenia's Sacrifice To appease Artemis who had immobilized his fleet, Agamemnon thought to sacrifice his daughter Iphigenia. At the last minute, a goddess took pity, substituted a doe, and made Iphigenia a priestess.

Skandeia Harbor This port on the island’s east coast was in the only easily accessible bay. It had a strategic role in controlling maritime trade with states in the southern Aegean, especially with Egypt and Libya.

Skyros The city of Skyros, which shares the island’s name, was famed for its goats and marble quarries. It had a fortified akropolis, a port, and sanctuaries dedicated to Achilles and Athena.

Slave Market When bought by cities, slaves were used for public services. When bought by private citizens, they did domestic tasks, built buildings, worked in mines and workshops, on farms, or as bankers.

Smuggler's Shipwreck The hollow cast-bronze statue of Zeus or Poseidon - known as the Artemision Bronze - was found off this cape.

Snake Temple Apollo used arrows to kill the monstrous serpent Pytho, who originally guarded the oracle. For Greeks, the victory represented the triumph of order over chaos.

Sparta With one of the largest territories, Sparta had a great land-based military power, governing all Lakedaimonians. They were divided into Spartan citizens, free residents, slaves, and mothax.

Specter on the Rock Akteon, who was devoured by his dogs after seeing Artemis bathing naked, haunted this rock. An oracle ordered the hero’s remains be buried and a statue be erected where annual sacrifices were made.

Spring of Peirene Legend has it that Bellerophon, son of Korinth’s King Glaukos, captured the winged horse, Pegasos, when he came to drink at the spring of Peirene on the Akrokorinth.

Spring of Piera The sixteen women tasked with organizing the Heraia - games for women - each came from an Eleian city. They sacrificed a pig and purified themselves in the spring of Piera before the ceremonies.

Spring of Rheitoi The saltwater streams in the fertile plain of Thria between Eleusis and Athens were called Rheitoi. The Spartan king Archidamos also routed the Athenian cavalry here.

Stadium Various types of races and contests took place in the stadium. Embankments contained spectators on the 192 m track. This length became a unit of measure the Greeks called the "stadion."

Statue of Apollo Named the Colossus of the Naxians, this statue representing Apollo was erected in front of the largest temple dedicated to him.

Statue of Artemis Agrotera In the guise of a young girl and hunter, Artemis guided the various life stages just as she helped in combat. Before battle, Greeks offered a sacrifice to her under the name Agrotera (huntress).

Statue of Artemis Tauropolos The most famous statue of Artemis near this altar was brought back from Tauris by Iphigenia. Some say that it was stolen by the Persians, while others say that it was in Sparta or dedicated in Attika.

Statue of Demeter and Kore The statues of Demeter, goddess of the fruitful earth, and her daughter, Kore, stood near the sacred gate. They kept watch over the road connecting Athens and the Sanctuary of Eleusis.

Statue of Dionysos The statue was made from the tree where Pentheus, who opposed the god’s cult, spied on both his mother and the Maenads in full Dionysian frenzy. He was pulled from the tree and torn limb from limb.

Statue of Fury Demeter Furious at Poseidon’s advances, Demeter turned into a mare to elude the sea god. It was in vain, however, because Poseidon also turned into a horse. Their union produced the legendary horse Areion.

Statue of Herakles There was a statue of Herakles at the edge of the road from Elis to Olympia, called the Sacred Way. The statue was dedicated by a citizen of Taranto, a Spartan colony in southern Italy.

Statue of Kronos Kronos, king of the Titans and Zeus’s father, was honored in Elis. On the summit of the hill called the Kronion, priests called Basilai offered sacrifices to Kronos at the spring equinox.

Statue of Nemesis The statue personified divine retribution and punished excess. Sculpted by Phidias from the block of marble brought by the Persians, they intended to use it as a trophy pedestal after taking Athens.

Statue of Theseus When Theseus returned to Athens, other factions had seized power. He decided to leave the city and return to Skyros, but he was betrayed by King Lykomedes, who tossed him off a cliff.

Statue of Zeus at Mt. Hymettos Located southeast of Athens, Mount Hymettos was 1,026 m high and known for its marble, its honey - the only source of sugar in ancient Greece - and its altar to Zeus Ombrios, bringer of rain.

Stele of Leitos Leitos was a Theban detachment polemarch during the Trojan War. He was the only Theban leader to return home after the war, but was injured by the Trojan hero Hektor.

Stele of Themistokles In the face of invading Persians, this Athenian decree saw the evacuation of old men, furniture, goods, women, and children. Then, they boarded two hundred triremes with all able Athenians to fight.

Stone Pyramid This small stone pyramid was built at the city limit in tribute to Apollo Karinos.

Stymphalos Legendary man-eating birds lived near Stymphalos. As they increased in number, they became a menace, devastating crops and hurling their steel feathers. Herakles was the one to defeat them.

Suenites Quarry Most of the island was composed of granite - a material like marble - that was used in architectural construction and sculpture in antiquity.

Summit of Mount Ida This mountain - the central point of the island - saw the birth of Zeus. He was raised by a goat named Amalthea and fed on honey from Mount Ida bees. When Amalthea died, he used her skin as an aegis.

Sunken Wreck of Datis Datis was a Persian general who served the Persian empire under Darius I. On his return from the Battle of Marathon in 490 BCE, he stopped at Mykonos and Delos.

Sybil Rock According to the Delphians, this rock was where a woman bearing the nickname Sibyl settled to sing her prophesies. It was said her inspiration came from within.

Tainaros Tainaros was on the Peloponnese’s middle peninsula. It had red and black marble quarries and was also presumed to be a gateway to the underworld. It was guarded by Cerberus and was used by Herakles.

Tavern In Athens, there were numerous taverns, whose managers were often mocked in the plays of Aristophanes. The wine served in taverns could be red, white, or rosé, and up to 16% proof.

Tavern Taverns sold wine and vinegar. Divided in three different types - dry, sweet, and sweet mix, wine could also be flavored with honey, resin, spices, herbs, and even sea water.

Tegea Tegea was one of the oldest and most powerful cities in Arkadia. Its first king was famous for killing one of Herakles’s sons.

Temenos of Ino Megarians believe the corpse of Ino washed up on the coast after she threw herself into the sea with her dead son. There is a sacrifice each year in her honor.

Temenos of Zeus Ainesios Here, atop the island's tallest mountain, two of Jason's argonauts prayed to the Zeus of Ainos to give them the strength to defeat winged monsters called Harpies.

Temple of Achilles In Greek mythology, Achilles was hidden in childhood on Skyros and disguised as one of King Lykomedes’s daughters. It was an attempt to elude the fatal destiny he met during the Trojan War.

Temple of Aphrodite One of the most famous temples to the goddess of love towered over the city on the Akrokorinth. Numerous courtesans engaged in their trade inside, contributing greatly to the sanctuary’s prosperity.

Temple of Apollo Perched on a cliff, the temple was built by Iktinos, the Parthenon’s architect. The offerings of weapons suggest that the god played a role in the clashes between the Arkadians and the Spartans.

Temple of Artemis Apollo’s twin sister enjoyed hunting and was always armed with a bow she used against deer and men. Her arrows were said to bring about sudden death.

Temple of Artemis Amarysia This temple dedicated to the goddess was as large as Apollo’s sanctuary on the island. Competitions, musical contests, sacrifices, and war dances were held there to honor Artemis.

Temple of Artemis Orthia The temple of Artemis Orthia near the Eurotas River was one of Sparta’s most important religious sites. It was associated with the education of young Spartans, and conducted their initiations.

Temple of Asklepios This was the sanctuary of the healing god, whose cult was introduced to Athens in the fifth century BCE. Its construction was funded by a wealthy Athenian named Telemachos.

Temple of Athena Chalkioikos The temple of Athena on the akropolis was one of Sparta’s most important monuments. The bronze sheets that decorated its interior gave birth to the name Chalkioikos.

Temple of Athena Poliouchos This sanctuary on the Gortyn akropolis honored one of the city’s main deities, along with Apollo and Demeter. Places of worship for Athena were widespread, and often also used as archives.

Temple of Athena Skiras This temple was located on a headland on the island’s north side, facing Attika. The shrine hosted a grand feast each year in honor of Athena, the protector of Salamis’s farmers and sailors.

Temple of Demeter Demeter was honored in Krete for introducing a number of discoveries to the island and then spreading them throughout the Greek world. These include the art of growing wheat on the island.

Temple of Dionysos The Naxians dedicated a temple to Dionysos to ensure the fertility of their vines and first-rate wine production on the island. Several times a year, festivities were held to honor the god.

Temple of Dionysos Kolonatas Generally a place of worship for women, this temple was set on a hill opposite the Spartan akropolis. During the god’s annual feast, a footrace involving eleven girls was held.

Temple of Hades Hades, god of the underworld, was rarely honored. His temple in Elis opened just once a year, and only the priest could enter. It is said that this was because people could only go to Hades once.

Temple of Hephaistos Hephaistos, god of fire, metallurgy, and volcanoes, was honored on the island of Lemnos. When Hera noticed his limp, she threw him off Olympos. He fell near the island, and was found by sea deities.

Temple of Hephaistos Erected on a hill, this Doric temple overlooking the agora is dedicated to Hephaistos, god of the forge, and to Athena Ergane, goddess of arts and crafts. A garden adjoined the temple.

Temple of Hera The Heraia were games for women organized in honor of Hera. Every four years, the sixteen Elis women in charge of organizing the Heraia wove a new veil for the goddess and placed it in her temple.

Temple of Hera This temple was dedicated to Hera, who forbade the world from receiving the pregnant goddess, Leto. Only Delos welcomed her, where she gave birth to Artemis and Apollo.

Temple of Herakles As the protector of the city, Herakles was the most important god in Thasos. He was called Herakles Soter - the savior. As such, he had his own sanctuary and was featured on Thasian coins.

Temple of Kybele This goddess of fertility and nature from Asia Minor was popular on the island. She was known for having initiated Dionysos into mysteries and ecstasy.

Temple of Poseidon Because Korinth was desired by the gods, Helios got the Akrokorinth and Poseidon got the Isthmus. Korinthians built a temple on the Isthmus for the god of the sea and oceans.

Temple of Poseidon The Kretans worshipped Poseidon, one of Zeus's youngest brothers. Poseidon protected the navigation of boats, but was lesser known for the domestication of horses and horse riding.

Temple of Themis On the slopes of the Akropolis was the temple of Themis, goddess of justice, law, and fairness. She succeeded her mother, Gaia, as the possessor of the Oracle of Delphi, later giving it to Apollo.

Temple of Zeus Early Greek temples were built out of clay and wood. Stone structures weren't adopted until the seventh century BCE.

Temple of Zeus The Temple of Zeus at the foot of the Akropolis was a vast temple dedicated to Olympian Zeus. Construction began under the tyrant Peisistratos but was interrupted by the emergence of democracy.

Temple of Zeus The temple housed one of the seven wonders of the ancient world: Phidias’s statue of Zeus. To close the Olympic games, a procession led to the temple where victorious athletes were crowned.

Temple of Zeus Chthonios Chthonios Zeus is the god of the earth credited with bountiful harvests.

Terrace of the Lions Dating back to the seventh century BCE, the Terrace of the Lions facing the Sacred Lake originally consisted of at least nine marble statues, like the avenues of Egyptian sphinxes.

Thasos Agora The agora is the heart of the city. Both a commercial and political hub, it's a gathering place for citizens. The agora houses numerous administrative, commercial, and religious buildings.

Thasos City Mountainous Thasos was the most prosperous island in the region. Rich from its mines and forests, its marble deposits and wine were also lucrative. Its territory encompassed the entire island.

Thasos Temple The akropolis of Thasos overlooks the ancient city. It housed the theater and the sanctuaries of Athena, Pan, and Apollo. The city walls extended onto the summit to encircle the town.

Thasos Theater The theater was built in a natural dip on the akropolis and offered a beautiful view of the sea. Erected in the fifth century BCE, it was where the writer Hegemon invented a form of parody.

The Bloody Oracle Located southwest of the city on one of the akropolises, this oracle site was dedicated to Apollo. Once a month, a prophetess would convey oracles in the dead of night, after drinking the blood of a lamb.

The Bull of Oreos A number of bull statues have been found in Greece. Bulls were dedicated to gods as offerings.

Theater of Dionysos This was built inside the god’s sanctuary and introduced Greek theater to the heart of the city. The great works of Euripides, Aischylos, Sophokles, and Aristophanes were performed there.

Thebes This illustrious city shares a legendary past with Oedipous and his desperate descendants, the legends of Herakles, and the men who sprang forth from planted snake teeth.

Tomb of Brizo Brizo, whose name means “to slumber,” was a goddess who spoke to men though prophetic dreams. People in Delos prayed particularly to her to protect boats.

Tomb of Leonidas Forty years after the battle of Thermopylai - around 440 BC - Leonidas’s bones were brought to Sparta. A hero's shrine was set up, and a stele inscribed with the names of the soldiers at Thermopylai.

Tomb of Medeas's Children Mermeros and Pheres were killed by their mother when their father, Jason, deserted her for Glauke, the Korinthian king’s daughter. An oracle advised the Korinthians establish rituals in their honor.

Tomb of Orestes Orestes’s bones were returned to Sparta from Tegea on the Delphic Oracle’s advice. The Spartans thus enabled eternal protection of the hero, who was associated with the city’s legendary past.

Tomb of Orion Orion the giant, son of Poseidon, was supposedly born in Boeotia. Artemis wanted revenge on him for seducing her follower Opis and sent a scorpion to kill him; it turned into a constellation.

Tomb Of Orpheus Orpheus was dismembered by Thrakian women, and his corpse was taken to the sea. His head and lyre reached Lesbos, where residents built a tomb for him. It's said lyre music could be heard from inside.

Tomb of the Amazons This diamond-shaped tomb depicts an Amazonian shield. It's dedicated to the Queen of the Amazons, Hyppolyta, who was defeated by Theseus and died of grief.

Tomb of the Epigones Following Theseus’s intervention, King Adrastos of Argos and Sikyon buried the ashes of the seven leaders killed during the expedition against Thebes here.

Tomb of the First Champion Koroibos of Elis was the champion of the stadium race, the most prestigious Olympic event, in the first Games in 776 BCE. His tomb is located on the border with Arkadia, marking the border of Elis.

Tomb of the Suitors This Mycenaean tomb notably housed the bones of seventy-two people. Among the remains were valuable offerings discovered near Pronnoi, believed to have belonged to ancient Ithakan nobility.

Tower of Timon In the time of Perikles, the misanthrope Timon shut himself away on a farm, in a tower that served as both a refuge and granary.

Treasuries Cities erected small buildings shaped like temples at the foot of the hill of Kronos. They held valuable offerings that were placed under Zeus’s protection, such as weapons, statues, and vases.

Treasuries Arranged in a semicircle, these five sacred buildings were mainly used to store offerings and holy materials.

Tripod of Plataia The 31 Greek cities that took part in the Battle of Plataia dedicated to Apollo a massive golden tripod made from the tithe of the Persian booty.

Tripods of the Deinomenids These two tripods weighed 400 kg each and were dedicated by the Tyrant of Syracuse after his victory in the battle of Himera to his brother to recall his victory at the battle of Kume.

Tydeus's Lair Tydeus was one of the seven leaders who organized an expedition against Thebes, helping Polynikes regain his city. In the heat of battle, Tydeus ate the brain of one of his enemies, Melanippos.

Underwater Ruins of Dyspontion Dyspontion was on the mountainous route between Olympia and Elis. It was a community of perioikoi destroyed in 570 BCE by the Eleians due to inhabitants joining Pisa in a revolt against Elis.

Village of Gytheion Sparta based its military power mainly on its land troops, preferring to use its allies’ naval contributions. Despite this, they used Glytheion as a port.

Village of Kausos Kausos is the ancient Greek word for fever, a symptom of malaria noted by Hippokrates. The disease was a driving force behind the depopulation of rural areas.

Vineyard of Glory Thasian wine was well known in antiquity. It was one of the best and was exported throughout the Mediterranean basin. Amphoras of Thasian wine have been found in Magna Grecia, Egypt, and as far away as the Black Sea.

Vouliagmeni Sinkhole The Vouliagmeni sinkhole, located near the Attika region, was nicknamed "the Devil's Hole."

Waterfall of Styx The source of the legendary underworld river was in Arkadia. Not only did the gods use water from the Styx to administer oaths, but it was famously harmful to humans, livestock, and objects.

Xerxes's Sacrifice of the Nine On this very spot, Persian king Xerses buried nine young women and nine young men alive, and sacrificed white horses before crossing the river Strymon with his army.

Zakros Zakros was an urban center organized around a palace - just as Knossos, Phaistos, and Malia were. Occupied by the Minoans since the second millennium, the occupation ended around the 15th century BCE.

Zanes of the Cheats Zanes were bronze statues of Zeus that were paid for with the fines of silver imposed on athletes who were found to have cheated. Their names were etched on the pedestals, which was a source of shame.

Historical Locations - Map Markers Summary

Legend / Points of interest

Historical locations